考博英语-392

(总分：88.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 二、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 三、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)

1.What does the passage mainly discuss?

（分数：2.00）

A.The development of trade mutes through United States cities B.Contrasts in settlement patterns in United States

C.Historical differences among three large United States cities

D.The importance of geographical situation in the growth of United States cities √ 解析：很显然，文章主要讲述的是地理位置对美国城市发展的重要性。

2.The author mentions each of the following as an advantage of Chicago's location EXCEPT its ______.

（分数：2.00） A.hinterland

B.nearness to a large lake

C.position in regard to transport routes D.flat terrain √

解析：flat terrain并不是芝加哥的优势。相反由第14行的后半句话可以知道，这也许正是它的劣势所在。

3.The passage suggests that a geographer would consider a city's soil type part of its ______.

（分数：2.00） A.hinterland B.situation C.site √ D.function

解析：“Situation refers to...characteristics of the specific location.”这句话就是对situation和 site的定义和区别，显而易见，situation指的是一个地区相对于周边地区来说的位置特点，而site指的是这个地区具体的自然条件。所以soil type是属于site的一部分。 4.The primary purpose of paragraph I is to ______.

（分数：2.00）

A.summarize past research and introduce a new study B.describe a historical period

C.emphasize the advantages of one theory over another D.define a term and illustrate it with an example √

解析：第一段的主要内容就是提出观点，给出定义，然后举例加以证明。

5.According to the passage, a city's situation is more important than its site in regard to the city's ______.

（分数：2.00）

A.long-term growth and prosperity √ B.ability to protect its citizenry

C.possession of favorable weather conditions D.need to import food supplies

解析：作者在文中第7行已经指出：“Situation is normally much more important to the continuing prosperity of a city.”意思是：对城市的持续发展来说，地理位置更加重要。所以A是正确答案。

四、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)

6.Which of the following experimental results, if observed, would most clearly contradict the findings of Victor Emmet?

（分数：2.00）

A.A left cutter like claw is removed in the fifth stage and a crusher claw develops on the right side.

B.A left cutter like claw is removed in the fourth stage and a crusher claw develops on the left side. √

C.A left cutter like claw is removed in the six stage and a crusher-claw develops on the fight side.

D.A left cutter like claw is removed in the fourth stage and a crusher claw develops on the right sid

解析：Victor Emmerg的发现是：如果在龙虾生长的第四或第五期弄掉它一只角的话，那么完好的那一只角就会成为crusher claw，而再生的就会成为cutter claw。但如果这发生在这一生长期之后，那么龙虾的已有结构就不会改变了。而B是与这一发现相违背的。所以正确答案为B。

7.Which of the following conditions does the passage suggest is a possible cause for the failure of a lobster to develop a crusher claw?

（分数：2.00）

A.The loss of a claw during the third or earlier stage of development B.The lose of claw during the fourth or fifth stage of development C.The loss of a claw during the sixth stage of development

D.Development in an environment devoid of material that can be manipulated √

解析：由文章最好两句话可以知道，在没有可以操作的对象的环境中长大的龙虾是不会长出crusher claw的。

8.It can be inferred from the passage that one difference between lobsters in the earlier stages of development and those in the juvenile fourth and fifth stages is that lobsters in the early stages are ______.

（分数：2.00）

A.likely to be less active √ B.likely to be less symmetrical

C.more likely to replace a crusher claw with a cutter claw D.more likely to regenerate a lost claw

解析：由最后一段的内容可知，龙虾触角不对称的形成是在第四和第五期，因为这一时期龙虾的生活环境发生改变，它们开始使用触角工作，而在这之前它们只是被动的随波逐流。

9.The passage is primarily concerned with ______.

（分数：2.00）

A.drawing an analogy between asymmetry in lobsters and handedness in humans

B.developing a method for predicating whether crusher claws in lobster will appear on the left or right side

C.explaining differences between lobsters' crusher claws and cutter claws

D.discussing a possible explanation for the way bilateral asymmetry is determined in lobsters √

解析：文章围绕龙虾不对称角的形成原因展开讨论，科学家们试图通过试验向人们解释这一现象。 10.The author regards the idea that differentiation is triggered randomly when paired claws remain intact as ______.

（分数：2.00）

A.irrefutable considering the authoritative nature of Emma's observations B.likely in view of present evidence √

C.contradictory to conventional thinking on lobster-claw differentiation

D.purely speculative bemuse it is based on scattered research and experimentation 解析：第三段的第一句话已经说明：这个观点是有证据支持的，但这些证据只能说明它的可能性，但不是无可反驳的。

五、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

六、The earth is witnessing au urban revolution, as people worldwide crowd into towns and cities.(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 七、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 八、综合题型(总题数：8，分数：16.00)

11.

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填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F） 解析：从1800到现在，应该是近两个世纪。 12.

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填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）

解析：由accommodate的动词原形形式以及后文中出现的两个most可以确定B为正确选择。 13.

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填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）

解析：由上下文知，这里应该选用一个表示糟糕的形容词。 14.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）

解析：整句话的意思是“大量人口涌入城市形成了有史以来最大规模的移民。” 15.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）

解析：slow down减缓，使慢下来，这句话的意思是，有效的办法是减缓城市化进程。 16.

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填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M） 解析：concentrate......on集中 17.

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填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）

解析：虚拟语气，这句话的意思是“如果把优先权颠倒过来”。 18.

（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N） 解析：农村人缺少城里人所拥有的操纵的权力。

九、Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure(总题数：20，分数：20.00)

19.Last week, the Us bishops adopted rules to take priests who minors out of any ministerial activities.

（分数：1.00） A.administer √ B.generate C.implicate D.molest

解析：administer管理；generate产生；implicate暗示；molest骚扰，困扰。

20.These examples show that openness and the ability to change brings couples a giant step closer to the marital harmony they ______.

（分数：1.00） A.request B.negotiate C.crave √ D.detest

解析：request请求，要求；negotiate协商；crave渴望；detest厌恶。

21.First launched in April this year, Net My Singapore also includes efforts that ______ training, development, and the exploration of new technologies based on.

（分数：1.00） A.obliterate B.sequester C.encompass √ D.terminate

解析：obliterate删除；sequester扣压，没收，使隐退；encompass包围；terminate终结，结束。 22.The United Nations Security Council established the ICTR in 1995 to try the alleged perpetrators of the 1994 ______ in Rwanda that claimed the lives of more than 800,000 people.

（分数：1.00） A.genocide √ B.immigration C.discrimination D.election

解析：genocide有计划的灭种和；immigration移民；discrimination歧视；election选举。 23.If you develop a reputation for being able to keep secrets others will ______ towards you with useful news and gossip.

（分数：1.00） A.feel constrained B.feel excluded C.propel D.gravitate √

解析：feel constrained感觉拘束的；feel excluded感觉被排斥的；propel推进；gravitate (to)被吸引。

24.Cox Radio, one of the nation's largest radio chains, plans to ______ its ties with independent record promoters to distance itself from a payola-like practice that runs rampant in the music business.

（分数：1.00） A.consolidate B.tout C.sever √ D.splash

解析：consolidate巩固；tout吹捧；sever切断；splash飞溅。

25.Anxiety is believed to diabetes by raising levels of the stress hormone cortisol which regulates insulin and blood-sugar levels.

（分数：1.00） A.impede B.exacerbate √

C.inherit D.facilitate

解析：impede阻止；exacerbate恶化；inherit继承；facilitate帮助，推动。

26.The newspaper reported on the initiative of the organization to establish a private company to professionally ______ prisoners due to be released from prison.

（分数：1.00） A.habilitate √ B.rehabilitate C.preclude D.prelude

解析：habilitate提高周转资金，予以穿着；rehabilitate使复原；preclude排除；prelude为…做序，以…开头。

27.You are exposed to obtrusive ads that ______ seemingly from nowhere even when you are disconnected from the Net, and your personal information gathered and sent off without you being aware of it.

（分数：1.00） A.size up B.dwindle away C.conjure up D.pop up √

解析：size up评估…的大小；dwindle away减少，缩小；conjare up用魔法召；pop up突然出现。 28.If all the viruses on the planet were to disappear, a global catastrophe would ______, and the natural ecosystems of the earth would collapse in a spectacular crash under burgeoning populations of insects.

（分数：1.00） A.varnish B.disperse C.contaminate D.ensue √

解析：varnish修饰，掩饰；disperse分散；contaminate污染；ensue跟着发生，继起。

29.Ms. Rice, with customary class, simply expressed hope that this episode wouldn't ______ the charity in spite of the previous scandals.

（分数：1.00） A.taint √ B.enhance C.sprain D.sponsor

解析：taint使，使污染，弄脏；enhance提高；sprain扭伤；sponsor发起，主办。

30.The European Commission issued a ______ decision on Oct. 29 permitting an alliance between United Airlines, Deutsche Lufthansa and Scandinavian Airlines System that allows them to coordinate prices, schedules and routes in the transatlantic market. It turned out to be well

received.

（分数：1.00） A.automatic B.landmark √ C.obsolete D.outgrown

解析：automatic自动的；landmark地标，里程碑；obsolete过时的；outgrown结果。

31.A Monitor/TIPP poll last month found that young people and seniors held similar views when asked to ______ the importance of US military action to remove Saddam Hussein from power in the next months.

（分数：1.00） A.advocate B.foresee C.supervise D.gauge √

解析：gauge评价；advocate提倡，鼓吹；foresee预见，预知；supervise监督，管理。

32.As a psychotherapist with many patients in their 20's, I can ______ the fact that not only do most of them not have any health insurance, but they also do not expect it as a condition of living in this country.

（分数：1.00） A.attest to √ B.contribute to C.modify D.interdict

解析：attest to证实，证明；contribute to捐献；modify修改；interdict阻断。

33.It is the first of several agreements United States hopes to reach as it attempts to reduce, labor costs by $5.8 billion and ______ bankruptcy.

（分数：1.00） A.dispel B.revert C.transfer D.avert √

解析：dispel驱逐，驱散；revert恢复；transfer转移；avert避免。

34.If you work for a major corporation, or are contracted at one, sooner or later, you may be called upon to create or maintain an internal website. Here are the ______ of intranets.

（分数：1.00） A.ins and outs √ B.in a pinch C.in a cleft stick

D.in a breeze

解析：ins and outs细节；in a pinch在紧要关头；in a cleft stick进退两难；in a breeze不费力的。 35.There is little reason to believe that the United States will ______ from its stated goal of regime change in Iraq.

（分数：1.00） A.back down √ B.blow off C.pop up D.step up

解析：back down放弃，让步；blow off吹掉，放出；pop up突然出现；step up提升。

36.Now illegal copies of music CDs ______ losses of about $300 million in sales annually and $ 65 million lost government tax revenue.

（分数：1.00） A.conflict B.inflict √ C.compromise D.defer

解析：conflict冲突；inflict造成；compromise妥协，折衷；defer推迟，延期。

37.The solution was simple: gas the building with a hallucinogen and put the terrorists to sleep before they could ______ the bombs in the building. And it worked.

（分数：1.00） A.detonate √ B.dismantle C.demolish D.desert

解析：detonate引爆；dismantle拆除；demolish破坏；desert放弃，逃跑。

38.Early signs of ______ seen in the herbal medicine study are extremely encouraging and based upon these data, we are now planning a registration program.

（分数：1.00） A.faculty B.reception C.deterioration D.efficacy √

解析：faculty才能，技能；reception接待，接收；deterioration变坏，堕落；efficacy功效。

十、Part Ⅲ Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

十一、 The onrush of cheap communications, powerful computers and the Internet all explain why many people feel that, nowadays, change is happening ever more rapidly as technological progress accelerates.(总题数：5，分数：10.00)

39.

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__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(今天，随着科技的飞速发展、通讯的廉价、计算机功能的强大和因特网的不断涌现，人们的生活日新月异。) 解析： 40.

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__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(但是把这种快速变化视为新现象是错误的。如果你算一下一项技术从它产生到被广泛应用所需要的时间，那么你对今天所发生的这些变化就不会觉得奇怪了。) 解析： 41.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(计算机究竟诞生于何时，我们已经很难弄清楚了。但第一台大型真空电子管计算机管是在1946年产生的。) 解析： 42.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(如果你想它看起来的确比别的技术快得多，那么你就得蒙混过关了，你可以从个人计算机或者因特网的诞生算起，也就是从20世纪70年代中期算起。) 解析： 43.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(根据斯坦福大学历史学家保罗?大卫的介绍，1881年，第一批发电机被安装在纽约和伦敦，但直到20世纪20年代发电机才得到广泛的应用并提高了社会生产力。) 解析：

十二、Part Ⅳ Writing(总题数：1，分数：22.00)

44.My View of Lunar New Year

（分数：22.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(

My View of Lunar New Year

To Chinese people, the Lunar New Year is undoubtedly the most important festival of tile year. Dating back 3000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and to welcome a new one. The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year's Eve, was derigueur, with members of the extended family

gathering for the most significant meal of the year. Even the absentee members would endeavor to return home in time for it.

It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aimed at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.

However, with rapid economic expansion and growing westernization, over time, there has been a noticeable erosion, if not abandonment, of the New Year traditions and customs, which are perceived to be out of step with modem lifestyle.

Increasingly, more Chinese would hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs. They find it more enjoyable and physically less demanding.

Going away during the New Year is now commonplace, sometimes involving whole families or extended families. In extreme cases, some would even seek temporary refuge in a local hotel so as to avoid being visited by relatives and friends, or having to visit them.

What's more, most of the cities celebrate it quietly without fireworks and firecrackers, which used to be part of the celebration.

Will the Lunar New Year survive modem living? I do not doubt that it would gradually lose its significance. In a few or more years the Chinese New Year will be taken as a common holiday and fewer people celebrate it. Modem Chinese do not need it any more.) 解析：