中学教师资格认定考试(初级英语学科知识与教学能力)模拟试卷18(

中学教师资格认定考试（初级英语学科知识与教学能力）模拟试卷

18 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 简答题 3. 教学情境分析题 4. 教学设计题 5. 阅读理解

单项选择题

1．Many people nowadays save money to______for their old age. A．cater B．supply C．provide D．equip

正确答案：C

解析：考查动词辨析及固定搭配。句意为“现在许多人存钱是为了防老”。cater for“迎合”；supply sth to sb“为某人提供……”；provide for“准备，筹备……”；equip with“用……装备”。C项最符合题意。

2．—Are you going to get your own car after the test? —My parents have said they’ll get______for me.

A．one B．it C．this D．that

正确答案：A

解析：考查代词。one可以代替与前面同类不同一的实物，表示泛指，相当于a／an+名词；it代替前 面的事物本身，指前面提到过的那一个；this用作代词可用以指叙述中的人或事物，即指前面提到过的人或事物 或下文提及的事物；that代替与前面同类不同一的事物，但是that表示特指，相当于the+名词。这里泛指一辆汽 车，故选A。

3．The origins of human speech remain a mystery,______we have a fairly accurate idea of when writing began.

A．once B．if

C．though D．since

正确答案：C

解析：考查连词辨析。句意为“演讲的起源仍然是个谜团______我们对于写

作的起始有了相当 准确的观点”。根据句意，前后表示转折关系，though意为“虽然，但是”，故选C。

4．Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 3753______off at 15:30. A．will take B．takes C．is taking D．has taken

正确答案：B

解析：考查时态。飞机、火车等按时刻表运行，表达时用一般现在时表示将来。

5．______ good a shadow play is depends on the singing and the handling of puppets.

A．What B．That C．How D．Which

正确答案：C

解析：考查主语从句和感叹句。空格处所在从句为主语从句，且从句本身是感叹句，其结构是：how+形容词+a／an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。句意为“一部好的皮影戏依赖于操纵皮影的人的唱功与手法”。

6．True friendship is like sound health, the value______is seldom known until it is lost.

A．on which B．of which C．about which D．among which

正确答案：B

解析：考查非限定性定语从句。先行词为sound health，关系词与value之间为所属关系，所以选用of which。句意为“友谊像健康一样，直到失去才知道它的珍贵”。

7．Which of the following is the proper pronunciation of “tissue” as a result of assimilation?

A．[ti∫u:] B．[ti∫ju:] C．[tid3u:] D．[tisu:]

正确答案：A

解析：考查同化。根据同化知识，[s]与[j]相遇，变成[∫]，故选A。

8．The stress of the following words are all on the first syllable except______. A．golden B．design C．rising D．pattern

正确答案：B

解析：考查单词重音。双音节单词的重音多数在第一个音节上，但是以b-，com-，con一，de-，dis-，em-，en-，mis-，pre-开头的双音节单词，重音通常在第二个音节上。故本题答案为B。

9．According to Krashen, ______ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.

A．learning B．competence C．performance D．acquisition

正确答案：D

解析：考查语言习得。美国语言学家克拉申在20世纪70年代提出了“语言习得”理论，认为人们掌握语言有两种主要方式：一种是习得，另一种是学习。习得是指通过接触语言来学习语言，无意识地逐渐掌握语言规律。

10．______ is concerned with the social significance of language variation and language use in different speech communities.

A．Psycholinguistics B．Sociolinguistics C．Historical linguistics D．Pragmatics

正确答案：B

解析：考查社会语言学。心理语言学(Psycholinguistics)研究语言和意识的相互联系，如话语的处理和产生，以及语言习得等。社会语言学(Sociolinguistics)研究语言和社会之间的关系，即由不同社会变量导致的不同群体之间方言的差别。历史语言学(Historical linguistics)研究语言的历史发展阶段。语用学(Pragmatics)研究使用中的语言或语言交际。本题题干说到语言变体及语言在不同社会群体中的应用，可得知是关于语言和社会之间的关系，因此正确答案为B。

11．Which of the following belongs to the communicative approach? A．Focus on accuracy

B．Focus on fluency. C．Focus on strategies.

D．Focus on comprehension.

正确答案：B

解析：考查交际法相关知识。交际法注重语言的流利性，故选B。

12．Which of the following practices aims at skill training and pronunciation knowledge?

A．Odd one out. B．Tongue twister. C．Context practice. D．Reciting.

正确答案：A

解析：考查语音教学练习。题干问：下列哪一项练习以语音知识和技巧训练为目的?最小对比对训练、判断单词的异同、排列单词的顺序、找出一组词中读音不同的词都属于语音知识和技巧的训练；而绕口令、语境练习以及背诵和朗读都属于语音运用的训练。故选A。

13．Which of the following statements is NOT a way of presenting new vocabulary?

A．Defining.

B．Using real objects.

C．Writing a passage by using new words. D．Giving explanations.

正确答案：C 解析：考查词汇教学。呈现新词汇的方法可以是下定义、实物展示、解释等。四个选项中只有C项不合适。

14．In a pre-listening activity, students need to learn to cope with some ambiguity in listening and realize that they can still learn even when they do not understand every single word. The aim of this activity is to develop the skill of______.

A．listening for specific information B．listening for gist

C．listening for structure D．listening for vocabulary

正确答案：B

解析：考查听力教学。在听前活动中，学生需要学会应对听力过程中模糊不清的内容，并且需要意识到当他们不能完全理解每一个单词的时候仍然可以学习。这属于培养学生听主旨的能力，A为听细节，B为听主旨，C为听结构，D为听词汇。故选B。

15．What stage can the following grammar activity be used at? The teacher asked students to arrange the words of sentences into different columns marked subject, predicate, object, object complement, adverbial and so on.

A．Presentation. B．Practice. C．Production. D．Preparation.

正确答案：B

解析：考查语法教学内容。做句子成分分析是语法练习阶段。故选B。

16．What can cloze help to train in terms of writing? A．Unity of texts. B．Indention of texts. C．Compilation of texts. D．Use of cohesive devices.

正确答案：D 解析：考查写作教学。在写作方面，完形填空能帮助学生掌握cohesive device“衔接手段”的使用。

17．During class, the teacher leads students to memorize the important points of the teaching content. On one hand, the teacher helps students to grasp the key points. On the other hand, what learning strategy is the teacher teaching?

A．Cognitive strategy.

B．Self-management strategy. C．Communication strategy. D．Resource strategy.

正确答案：A

解析：考查英语学习策略。老师在教学中引导学生对教学要点进行记忆，一方面是为了让学生了解课程内容的重点，另一方面是为了传授学生学习策略，而在学习中记住要点是属于学习策略中的认知策略。

18．When a student said “Yesterday I goed to see a friend of mine”, which of the following ways for correcting errors is NOT encouraged?

A．Oh, yes. I see you went to see a friend of yours. B．You goed to see your friend?

C．No, not goed. You should say went. D．Say it again, please.

正确答案：C

解析：考查纠错方式。C项直接指出学生错误，容易打击学生的自信心。A

项是重述法，B项是强调暗示法，D项是重复法，都是对学生错误的一种含蓄的纠正。

19．The teacher gives students 2 minutes to skim a text, and when time is up, he asks students to stop and answer some questions. Here the teacher is playing the role of a(an)______.

A．assessor B．prompter C．participant D．controller

正确答案：D

解析：考查教师的角色。教师是课堂教学的控制者(controller)、提示者(prompter)、参与者(participant)、组织者(organizer)、评价者(assessor)、资源提供者(resource—provider)等。此处体现的是教师在课堂上的能力，故选D。

20．When students engaged in group work, the teacher gave feedback after each group had stated their opinion and shown their output. This is called ______.

A．instructing B．observing C．monitoring D．evaluating

正确答案：D

解析：考查评价行为的概念。教师在每组陈述完观点后，给出自己的评价和反馈信息，这是评价行为(evaluating)。

简答题

21．新课标提倡教师采用任务型教学模式(TBLT model)。请简述“任务”与“练习”的本质区别，并说明任务型教学法的优缺点。

正确答案：(1)任务型教学以任务为组织单位，课堂教学由一系列的“任务”构成。任务与传统的“练习”有本质的区别：①任务具有目的性。这里的“目的”具有两重性，一是任务本身所包含的非教学目的，二是任务设计者所期望任务参与者达到的教学目的。而练习通常只具有教学目的，只注重语言形式的准确。②任务具有交际性或互动性。任务通常是集体性和合作性活动，任务的履行通常以交际或互动的方式进行，这种互动可以是学生与学生之间、学生与教师之间、学生与输入材料之间的双边或多边互动。而练习大多是单向的活动。③任务具有开放性。也就是说，任务的履行并非有一套预定的模式或途径，或者会达到统一的结果，完成任务的途径，包括应用的语言是可选择的、不固定的、非性的。④任务通常会产生非语言性结果。而练习总是产生语言性结果，如用短语造句、用介词填空等。(2)优点：①在任务型教学活动中，在教师的启发下，每个学生都有思考、积极参与的机会，易于保持学习的积极性，养成良好的学习习惯。

②在活动中学习知识，培养人际交往、思考、决策和应变能力，有利于学生的全面发展。③活动内容涉及面广，信息量大，有助于拓宽学生的知识面。④在任务型教学中有大量的小组或双人活动，每个人都有自己的任务要完成，可以更好地面向全体学生进行教学。⑤促进学生积极参与语言交流活动，启发学生的想象力和创造性思维，有利于发挥学生的主体性作用。⑥在完成任务的过程中，将语言知识和语言技能结合起来，有助于培养学生综合的语青运用能力。⑦完成多种多样的任务活动，有助于激发学生的学习兴趣。缺点：在同一功能项目的教学中容易同时出现不同难易的语言结构，往往给学生带来困难；不强调随时纠正错误，恐不利于培养学生使用语言的精确性。

教学情境分析题

22．下面是某堂课的教学材料。Betty: Hi Mum, can you hear me?Mum: Yes, I can. Where are you?Betty: I’ m standing on the Great Wall of China and talking to you.Mum: Really?Betty: We’ re on a school trip and we’ re having a good time.Mum: That’s great, Betty. What are the others doing?Betty: Well, Tony is eating an ice cream, and Lucy is buying some presents and postcards. And Tom is eating lunch and lying in the sun.Well, Tony is eating an ice cream, Wang Hui is taking lots of pictures and Lingling is buying some presents and postcards. And Darning is eating lunch and lying in the sun.Mum: Can you send me a postcard too?Betty: Yes. Lingling and I are writing postcards. We’re enjoying the school trip a lot. Anyway, we’ re going home now. Bye!Mum: Bye-bye, Betty!根据上面的信息，从下面三个方面作答：(1)这份材料属于哪种语篇类型?(2)这份材料适合于哪种课堂教学?说明理由(至少写出两个要点)。(3)分析教师选用文本材料时需要考虑的基本要素(至少写出三个要点)。

正确答案：(1)语篇通常分为会话语篇和段落语篇，会话语篇是指一段对话，段落语篇是指一个叙述性段落。该材料属于会话语篇。(2)这份材料适合于口语教学。理由：①材料语言比较简单，没有生僻词汇，句式偏向口语化，适合用于口语练习；②选材偏向生活化，有生活气息，适合平时与人交际使用，英语口语的最终目的就是让学生达到沟通交流，因此会话语篇可以提供一个交流的环境。③材料以对话形式呈现有问有答，也有连读等部分，对于语音语调的学习都是很好的内容。(3)考虑要素：①教学内容要素。教学内容是要完成的教学任务，是实现教学目标的主要载体。因此教师在选择材料时，将教科书作为主要依据。②教学对象要素。学生是分析教学任务必须要考虑的因素，分析学生是为了帮助学生解决学习中的困难，完成教学任务。教师应该做到以下两点：一是要了解教学活动开始前学生在认知、情感、态度等方面已经达到了什么样的水平。二是要了解教授了教学材料后预期学生在认知、情感、态度等方面必须达到的状态。③教学目标是教育者在教学过程中，希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的变化结果，也是教师完成教学任务的归宿。新课程标准从关注学生的学习出发，强调学生是学习的主体，教师在选择教学材料的同时也要以学生为出发点，思考需要完成怎样的教学目标或达到怎样的教学效果。

教学设计题

23．设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语听力教学方案。该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：teaching objectivesteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：本班为中等城市普通学校初中一年级(七年级)学生，班级人数45人，多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》二级水平。学生能够积极参与课堂活动，合作意识较强。语言素材：A: How much is the hat?B: The hat is six dollars.A: And how much are the shorts?B: Oh, they’re eight dollars.A: And the sweater? How much is the sweater?B: Let’s see. The sweater is nine dollars.

正确答案：Teaching Contents:This lesson is a dialogue about asking and answering the price of clothes. Teaching Objectives:(1)Knowledge objectiveStudents can recognize the new words “hat, shorts, sweater, dollars” and understand the meaning of the sentence patterns “How much is/are ...? ... is/are ...”.(2)Ability objectives①Students will be able to ask and answer the price of clothes using the sentence patterns in real life.②Students will improve the skills of listening for the gist and listening for specific information.(3)Emotional objectiveStudents can establish a correct view of consumption and have the awareness of cooperative learning.Teaching Key and Difficult Points:Students can use the new words and sentence patterns to ask about the price of clothes.Teaching Procedures:Step 1 Pre-listening(3 minutes)Task 1 Teaching new wordsThe teacher uses PPT to show some pictures of the new words “hat, shorts, sweater, dollars”, then explains the new words in English.(Justification: The new words learning can pave the way for students’ later listening activity and they will understand the conversation easily.)Task 2 Word practice game: High and low voiceThe teacher uses different tones to read these words and the students read after the teacher.(Justification: The game can help students memorize the words easily.)Step 2 While-listening(12 minutes)Firstly, the teacher plays the tape and asks students to summarize the main idea of the conversation, then asks several students to talk about it.Secondly, the teacher asks students to listen to the tape again. At this time, they should fill in the following form:Thirdly, the teacher divides the whole class into five groups. Then makes students listen to the tape again, and asks each group to repeat it after each sentence in turn. Then the teacher provides the sentence patterns “How much is/are ...? ... is/are ...” on the PPT.(Justification: In this step, students’ skill of listening for the gist and specific information will be well developed. Through listening they will know the main sentence patterns clearly.)Step 3 Post-listening(5 minutes)Task 1 MatchingThe teacher uses PPT to show some pictures of clothes on the right and asks students to do a match with the reasonable price on the left. And then students make their dialogues with partners using the sentence patterns “How much is/are ...? ... is/are ...”.(Justification: Students will improve their speaking ability by using the sentence “How much is/are ...? ... is/ are ...”.)Task 2 Role playThe teacher asks students to do a role play in groups. One student acts as the shop assistant and the others act as customers. They should act out the dialogue clearly and correctly. The group which performs best will get the reward.(Justification: This step will improve students’ cooperative learning and presentation skills.)

阅读理解

In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fights. We are pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them. So we’ve contrived various justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to go around. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All that is plausible, and mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools. On two measures—professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams—selective schools do slightly worse.By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke. A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and Ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and, paradoxically, its significance is declining. The reason: so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college is not life only competition. Old-boy networks are breaking down. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D. program. High scores, on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of prestigious universities didn’t.So, parents, lighten up. The stakes have been vastly exaggerated. Up to a point, we can rationalize our pushiness. America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that, but too much pushiness can be destructive. The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment. One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction. They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints.

24．Why do parents urge their children to apply to more school than ever?

A．They hope their children can enter a university that offers attractive scholarships.

B．They want to increase their children chances of entering a prestigious college. C．Their children will have a wider choice of which college to go to.

D．Elite universities now enroll fewer students than they used to.

正确答案：B 解析：细节题。文中第二段提到“Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable”，即家长让孩子申请更多的学校，是因为他们相信稀有的精英学历一定更有价值。申请更多的好学校，被录取的机会就会更多，故选B。其中C项很有迷惑性，申请更多的学校，主要是为了孩子可以进更好的大学，而不仅仅是有更多的选择。

25．Why does the author say that parents are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars.

A．They have the final say in which university their children are to attend. B．They know best which universities are most suitable for their children.

C．They have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application.

D．They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves.

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。在大学入学这件事上，“We are pushing our kids to get good grades，take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice”，即家长为了孩子可以进他们为孩子选的学校，督促孩子拿高分、作简历等，可见家长比学生还要在意这些事情，故选D。

26．What does Krueger’s study tell us?

A．Connections built in prestigious universities may be sustained long after graduation.

B．Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs.

C．Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores.

D．Getting into Ph.D.programs may be more competitive than getting into college.

正确答案：B 解析：细节题。文中倒数第二段提到“Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph．

D．program．High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in；degrees of prestigious universities didn’t”，即GRE高分比好的大学更有说服力，故选B。

27．What does the author mean by kids count more than their college? A．Kids’ actual abilities are more important than their college background. B．Kids’ happiness should be valued more than their education. C．Continuing education is more important to a person success.

D．What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.

正确答案：A

解析：推断题。好的大学并不是以后孩子更好发展的筹码，在实际工作中孩子们的能力比他们的教育背景更加重要，故选A。

28．One possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that______. A．they earn less than their peers from other institutions B．they turn out to be less competitive in the job market C．they overemphasize their qualifications in job application D．they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduation

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。文中最后一段提到“graduates of highly selective schools experienced more jobdissatisfaction”，即更好的学校教育使得他们在工作中会经历更多的不满意，D项符合题意。

In a survey conducted by research firm Harris Interactive, 71% of Americans said that spending extra money on travel during the holiday season is worthwhile—so long as it affords them time with family and friends. But just because traveling may be the right thing to do, that doesn’t mean it has to be the expensive thing to do. Traveling involves many hidden costs that, once you’ re aware of them, are easy to spot—and even easier to eliminate.To start, consider transportation fees. For example, if you’re driving, fill up the gas tank before traveling on the highway, where it’s much costlier, says Clarky Davis, a personal finance expert. And make sure your car is in good condition by checking your heating vents, keeping up with routine maintenance and ensuring your tires are properly inflated, all of which help the car achieve favorable fuel economy. Furthermore, not only does a tow car(救援车)cause inconvenience; it also means extra costs.For those opting to fly, first, be aware of how much it costs to check a bag. Most airlines are charging for every checked bag by weight, but prices vary from carrier to carrier. If you can manage to pack everything into a carry-on, you’ll save at least $15. Brooke Ferencsik, a travel expert, suggests considering secondary airports when booking your flight. These airports often are less crowded and frequently offer cheaper tickets.And when it comes to your actual destination, don’t assume that hotels are going to cut back on fees simply because they’ re desperate to draw customers. “They won’ t be adding or increasing fees, but they won’t be decreasing them either,” says Ferencsik. The best defense against extra fees is to read about the hotel’s rates online, before you make a reservation. “Be aware of surcharges for everything from housekeeping to groundskeeping to use of the in-room safe,” says Ferenesik. Some hotels even install a sensor(传感器)within the mini bar, charging guests for simply touching the items, let alone eating or drinking them.”From airlines to hotels to rental cars, they’ve all got hidden fees you need to be aware of,” says Ferencsik. “Do your homework and ask questions.”

29．It is found that 71% of Americans regard it as worthwhile to______. A．spend money on souvenirs while traveling with family and friends B．accept hidden costs while traveling with family and friends C．travel with family and friends during the holiday season D．travel with family and friends so as to please them

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。短文第一段开头指出“…71％of Americans said that spending extra money ontravel during the holiday season is worthwhile-so long as it affords them time with family and friends…”，即71％的美国人认为花钱去假期旅游是值得的——只要这样能让他们有时间和朋友家人在一起。故答案为C。

30．How can fuel economy be improved? A．By filling up the gas tank off the highway. B．By considering transportation fees wisely. C．By avoiding the inconvenience of a tow car. D．By keeping your car in good condition.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。短文第二段第三句提到“…make sure your car is in good condition by…all of which help the car achieve favorable fuel economy．”，由此可知使汽车省油的办法就是确保你的车处于良好状态。故选D。

31．It is advised that everything be packed into a carry-on most probably because a carry-on______.

A．is usually free of charge

B．is more convenient than several checked bags C．is subject to safety guarantee

D．is usually of a larger size than checked bags

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。短文第三段指出“If you can manage to pack everything into a carry—on，you’llsave at least $15．”，即如果你能够将所有东西都打包到一个手提箱里，你就能节省至少15美元。由此可推断，手提行李很可能不需花钱托运，所以选A。其他三个选项都与省钱无关，故排除。

32．When looking for a hotel room, customers usually take it for granted that______.

A．extra fees are specified in the hotel’s rates B．online reservation provides the best rates C．there is a surcharge for any in-room service D．hotels attract customers by reducing fees

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。短文第四段第一句指出“don’t assume that hotels are going to cut back on feessimply because they’re desperate to draw customers．”，即不要以为酒店为吸引顾客就降低入住价格。由此可推断出消费者常常想当然地认为酒店常通过降低价格来吸引消费者，故选D。

33．The article is providing advice to______. A．spend money wisely

B．make travelling enjoyable C．economize on holidays D．avoid hidden cost on a trip

正确答案：D 解析：主旨题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲述如何避免在旅途中的隐性收费。因此答案选D。