一、定语从句
1.—Have you heard of the Huawei Company?
—Sure, it’s one of the _____ companies _____ make us Chinese proud. A.great; which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——你听说过华为公司吗?——当然,它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。
great伟大的;greater比较伟大的,是比较级;greatest最伟大的,形容词最高级;which关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that也是关系代词,先行词为人或物,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最……的之一”,故排除A和B,应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句,在从句中作主语。
B.greater; which
C.greatest; that
2.The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语,由于它前面有修饰语only,所以只能用关系代词that,不能用which,因此选B。 考点:考查定语从句。
B.that
C./
D.it
3.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A.that 【答案】A 【解析】
句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
点睛:性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:
当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如: Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如: Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I
B.which
C.what
D.who
watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如: She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间? 当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions.
4.One of the most delicious drinks _________ I like is orange juice. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:我喜欢的一种最美味的饮料是橘子汁。
考查定语从句。本句先行词drinks,先行词有形容词最高级修饰,可知用关系代词that引导此定语从句,故选B。 【点睛】
that在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。(1)必须用that的情况:先行词有人又有物/先行词有形容词最高级修饰/先行词是不定代词/先行词有不定代词修饰/以who,which开头的问句/先行词有the very, the same ,the last等词修饰/先行词有序数词,数词修饰时。/关系词在定语从句中做表语时。(2)不能用that的情况:介词+关系词/非限定性定语从句。
B.that
C.whose
D.whom
5.﹣ Do you like the weekly talk show,The Readers,on CCTV?
﹣ Sure.It' s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public. A.which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
句意:﹣﹣你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗?﹣﹣当然.这是一个很棒的电视节目,其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众.先行词a great TV program,关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语,故用关系代词whose.故选D.
B.that
C.what
D.whose
6.Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ____ he was born in. A.which 【答案】A
B.where
C.what
D.it
【解析】
试题分析:句意:昨天,格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子。____ he was born in是定语从句,修饰house。先行词是house,关系代词词用that或者which,关系副词where相当于in which。根据从句中缺少宾语,故选A。 考点:考查定语从句的用法。
7.–What are you looking for?
–I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A.who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意“-你正在找什么?-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。
本题考查定语从句。A.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.when表示时间,在从句中作状语。本句话中,先行词为the storybook,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故选B。 【点睛】
做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。
B.which
C.when
8.All the classmates enjoyed the cake _________I made at the party. It was really delicious. A.that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人或物;B. who关系代词,先行词是人;C. what什么,通常不能引导定语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that。根据题意,故选A。
B.who
C.what
9.—Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him. A.who 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
句意:— —明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜? — —我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。
A. who谁;B. where哪里;C. whose谁的;D. that用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其
B.where
C.whose
D.that
被序数词修饰时,引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing,是序数词,因此本题的引导词应该用that。故选D。
10.– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? – Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading. A.who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——你喜欢电视台每周一次的节目《朗读者》吗?——当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。
根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose…的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program,故排除A;D选项意思不合适。故应选B。
B.that
C.what
D.whose
11.—What kind of movies do you like?
—I prefer movies _____give me something to think about. A.which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——你喜欢什么种类的电影?——我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。 A. which关系词,先行词是物;B. who关系词,先行词指人;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。
B.who
C.what
D.when
12.—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line? —They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A.that are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一小学的学生。 考查定语从句。根据句意:﹣弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁? ﹣他们是来第一小学的学生.可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。
B.where are
C.which is
D.who is
13.— Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
— I’m not sure. Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people? A.where C.that 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】
B.what D.when
【详解】
句意:--学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行? --我不确定。是在能容纳300人的大礼堂吗?
where作定语从句的地点状语;when充当定语从句中时间状语;what充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和表语。此处作为先行词the hall的定语从句,这个定语从句中缺少主语,故用代词that来充当。故选C。
14.The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A.which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了。
考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词,应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。
B.in which
C.that
D.all
15. The dog _______ played with you just now is _______. A.which; mine C.what; mine 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。
Which哪一个;what什么;mine名词性物主代词,我的;my形容词性物主代词,我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。
B.which; my D.what; my
16.—What kind of TV shows do you prefer? —I like the ones ________ make me laugh. A.who
B.whom
C.that
D.what
【答案】C 【解析】
句意:--你喜欢哪种电视节目?--我喜欢那种使我笑的节目。________ make me laugh 是定语从句。A. who是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作主语; B. whom是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作宾语;C. that是定语从句的关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语或宾语; D. what不能引导定语从句。故排除D;第二句中的the ones代替前面出现的名词电视节目,指物,故排除AB;故选C。
点睛:考查定语从句。首先分析句子是否是定语从句。看选项有哪个可以作关系词,what不能引导定语从句。再次根据先行词指人还是指物,找对应的关系词。
17.—Tom, where do you work?
—I work in a shop _____ sells different kinds of vegetables. A.which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——Tom,你在哪里工作。——我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。
考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,横线处及后面是定语从句,首先排除D选项,what不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除C 选项where;在定语从句中,关系代词取决于前面的先行词,先行词是人,关系代词用who或that;先行词如果是物,关系代词应用which或that;本句中根据先行词a shop是物,所以关系词用which,排除B选项;故答案选A。
B.who
C.where
D.what
18.Most students like the teachers understand them well. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析:考查定语从句的用法,先行词是the teacher,先行词在从句中作主语,因此引导词用who.故选 B 考点:考查定语从句的用法。
B.who
C.where
D.when
19.Tony, tell me the result of the discussion ______ you had with your dad yesterday. A.what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查定语从句。定语从句先行词the discussion是物,在定语从句you had with your dad yesterday中作had的宾语,故用which引导此定语从句,所以选B。
B.which
C.when
D.who
20.Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place ________ we'll visit next week. A.that C.where 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:句意:阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句,先行词是place,从句意来看,其在定语从句中作visit的宾语,指事物,因此关系词用that。故选A。
考点:考查定语从句。
B.who D.whom
21.“Underground” is the only word in the English language _____ begins and ends with the letters “und”. A.what 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】
B.that
C.who
D.whom
【详解】
试题分析:句意:在英语中“underground”是唯一一个开头和结尾都用字母组合“und”的单词。此处先行词word有不定代词the only来修饰,故用关系代词that来引导。 故选B。
22. I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A.what 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。what一般不用于定语从句;who在定语从句中指人; that既可指人,也可指物;which指物。结合语境可知本句中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人,又有物,故只能用关系代词that,所以选C。
考点:考查关系代词。
B.who
C.that
D.which
23.When Robinson got to the island,the first thing _________he did was to look for some food. A.who 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:当鲁滨逊•克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找 一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰, 故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正
B.which
C.that
D.What
确。
考点:考查定语从句。
24.The number of people_____were killed in the accident_____been announced yet. A.that; haven′t 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:在事故中死亡的人的数量还没有被公布。第一空后_____were killed in the accident是定语从句,先行词是people,指人的所以可以用that或who,第二空缺少的是谓语动词,句子的主语是The number 单数,所以谓语动词也用单数形式,故选B。 考点:考查定语从句及主谓一致的用法。
B.who; hasn′t
C.which; hasn′t
D.who; haven′t
25.Auld Lang Syne is an Irish folk song reminds us of our old friends and the good old days. A.what 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意: Auld Lang Syne是爱尔兰民歌,让我们想起我们的老朋友和过去的好时光。这里是定语从句,这里的先行词是物,在句中做主语,用that来引导;what不能用来引导定语从句。根据题意。故选C。 考点:考查定语从句
B.who
C.that
D.Whose
26.—What do you think of the book A Haw Tree written by a woman writer? —It reminds me of the days ________ I spent in the countryside. A.when 【答案】B 【解析】
此题考查定语从句的引导词,先行词是the days,从句中I spent后缺少宾语,故用关系代词,所以选B。
B.that
C.who
D.where
27.The young man __________ is a friend of mine. A.who I had a talk B.whom I had a talk with C.whom I had a talk D.which I had a talk with 【答案】B
【解析】句意:和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈;空格处是定语从句,先行词 man是指人的,关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,故选B。
28.—The city _____ I visited last year has changed a lot.
—Really? I hope to go there one day. A.where 【答案】B 【解析】
句意:——我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的变化。——真的吗?我希望有一天去那儿。 这是定语从句的结构,先行词city在从句中应是宾语,所以引导词不能用副词形式,where是副词,that 代词,when副词;;故选B
B.that
C.when
29.Friends are those ____ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. A.which 【答案】C 【解析】
句意“朋友是那些让你笑,总是敞开心扉对你以及鼓励你成功的人”。根据“n/pron____+句子”可知,用定语从句,先行词为those,指人,在从句中做主语。A.which指物,在从句中做主语和宾语;B.定语从句中,关系代词无what;C.指人,在从句中做主语和宾语。故选C。
B.what
C.who
30.Don’t throw away pens and erasers ________ you haven’t used up. A.where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:不要扔掉你还没用完的钢笔和橡皮。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句,可排除D。where表示地点;which表示事物;who表示人。本句先行词pens and erasers(钢笔和橡皮)是物,需用which引导;根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。
B.which
C.who
D.what
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