2021-2022学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区金陵中学高三(上)段考英语试卷(10月份)(附答案详解)

段考英语试卷（10月份）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

Exciting Adventure Options to Choose From!BIRD WALK （Any time of year） -Join us for a private bird walk through our

sanctuary （保护区）.The Bent's grasslands,trees and woods provide great habitat （栖息地）for birds moving from one place to another,such as

Warblers,Vireos,Indigo Buntings,Thrushes,Orioles,and more.This walk will be made to the members in your party. Suitable for ages 5 and up Program Fee： $150 NATURE HIKE （Any time of year） -Take a private hike with Bent of the River!Your personal guide will show you notable habitats and wildlife around the center trails.Nature is exciting and always changing,so you never know what we will find along the way!This program is ideal for people who want to enjoy beautiful scenery while hiking. Suitable for ages 8 and up Program Fee： $150 POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION （June and July only） -Many fascinating creatures live in and around the Pomperaug River!During this recreational （休闲 的） program,an Audubon naturalist will share the human and natural history of the river and teach you how to catch fish and animals.The Bent will supply you with necessary tools,such as nets,containers,and field guides.Once the animals are caught,we will observe and identify （确定身份）them and learn how they can help show the health of the river before we put them back to the wild. Suitable for ages 8 and up Program Fee： $150 第2页，共24页

OWL PROWL (January and February only) -Enjoy a special guided adventure in search of one of the most beloved groups of birds-owls (猫头鹰)! We will be prowling for owls on a walk through the grassland and forests in hopes of seeing one of the three owl species known to live in Connecticut： the Great-horned Owl,Barred Owl,or Eastern Screech-Owl. Evening event Suitable for ages 10 and up Program Fee： $225 1. Which of the programs is suitable for the Browns with a girl of five years old?

A. BIRD WALK.

B. NATURE HIKE.

C. POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION. D. OWL PROW E.

2. What will you do with the fish you catch in POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION ?

A. Find out their health. B. Do a scientific research. C. Cook them as food on the table. D. Set them free back to the river. 3. Whom is this text written for?

A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Scientists. D. Adventurers.

B

There are few spectacles more unpleasant than a television presenter trying to hang on to a job.When one of the presenters of the BBC program Crimewatch resigned recently,rather than suffer the inevitable indignity of being unfinished and replaced by a younger version,he made the usual hurt noises about his masters* overemphasis on youth.People in the media listened sympathetically before he slid from view to join the ranks of television's has-beens.

The presenter's argument,that the views don't care how old you are so long as you can \"do the job,\" unfortunately is not backed up by the evidence.When you're on TV, viewers are always thinking about whether you're losing your hair or your figure and,lately,whether you've had cosmetic work done.This is what they're actually doing when you think they're listening to the wise things you say. Viewers actually don't understand much of what the job involves,they just

see you sitting there looking the part.Like the ability to pet one's head while rubbing one's stomach,TV presenting is just one of those sills.Some of those who possess this skill can hit the big name,inevitably as they become more attached to the lifestyle this brings,however,the more likely they are to overstate the skill.

In reality,if somebody is paying you a lot of money to do a job,it's often on the tacit （/心照不 宣的）understanding that you may be fired suddenly-it*s part of the deal.Unlike football managers,TV presenters pretend not to understand this.If they've had many years being paid silly sums to read a script from an autocue （自 动题词机），it's difficult for them to accept that they've been the beneficiary of good fortune rather than anything else； even harder to face the fact that an editor could all too easily send them to the shopping channels.

Something similar eventually awaits all the people who are currently making fortunes that would have been unimaginable to earlier generations of presenters.One day we'll decide that their face no longer fits and they'll be dragged away complaining about the same ageist policy from which they no doubt previously profited.Show business is a brutal （残忍的） business.The one thing it reliably punishes is age,particularly among women.That's why,at the age of fifty,female TV presenters become female radio presenters and why girl bands planning to re-form need to get it done before they're forty,after which it will get too hard for everyone to suspend their collective disbelief.

4. What does the writer imply about the Crimewatch presenter he mentions in the first

paragraph?

A. He was unwise to resign when he did. B. He will soon be forgotten by the viewers. C. He may well have had a valid point to make. D. He was treated insensitively by his employers. 5. The underlined pronoun \"this\" in paragraph 2 refers to.

A. a public image C. an overstatement

B. a level of success

D. a common misunderstanding

6. Why does the writer mention football managers in paragraph 3 ?

A. To support his view that presenters are overpaid. B. To stress how important luck is in certain occupations. C. To show how relatively secure TV presents are in their jobs. D. To illustrate a general rule that applies to certain types of job.

第4页，共24页

7. According to the writer,TV personalities who may worry about ageism.

A. should look for work in other forms of broadcasting B. may have benefited from it themselves at some point C. are less well respected than presenters of the past D. are being unfair to up-and-coming younger colleagues

c

This is going to ruffle （激怒）a few feathers.

PepsiCo purposely packs fewer chips into its flavoured chip bags,Hugh Johnston,the

company's CFO, told the Associated Press.\"There might be an ounce or two less in those bags,\" Johnston said.Actually,it's half an ounce less.Regular Lay's are sold in 10-ounce bags； flavoured Lay's are sold in 9.5-ounce bags； and both are sold for the same $4.29 price.That might not sound like a lot,but it will sound like a lot with a bit of simple maths.

Americans buy some$1.6 billion worth of Lay's potato chips every year.Much of that is sold in bulk一or merely in bags bigger than the standard ones mentioned above.But let's assume for a second that those 10-ounce bags are the only ones Lay's sells.That would mean the company sells more than 372 million bags of Lay's in the US each year——or 3.72 billion ounces of chips,at about 43 cents per ounce.lt would also mean that that half-ounce difference is worth about 21.5 cents per bag,and about $80 million in total per year.

That number is likely a good deal lower,but it's not entirely unreasonable.If Lay's is charging an extra payment for the smaller flavoured chip bags,its likely doing the same for the bigger ones,too.That tiny half-ounce difference might only mean a potato chip or two to you,but it's probably worth tens of millions of dollars to PepsiCo annually.

PepsiCo confirmed that flavoured and unflavoured Lay*s chips are sold for the same price,but not in the same quantity. \"This allows us to keep the same price point across the brand,\" Jeff Dahncke said in an email.He also suggested that the chip difference has nothing to do with extra profit. \"The reason why there is a slightly higher price per ounce for flavoured chips is the added seasonings （调味品），n he said.But that doesn't appear to be the case. Some of the mark-ups are simply meant to make up for the added input costs of

cheese,barbecue,sour cream and onion,and other flavourings.But some of them are also there （or not there） to increase the potato chip maker*s profits.PepsiCo has a soft spot for its specialty potato chips,because its specialty potato chips are more profitable than its regular

ones,according to Johnston.

Perhaps that's why Lay*s is getting ready to launch a mass of new specialty potato chip flavours.The launch is part of PepsiCo*s annual \"Do Us a Flavour\" contest,in which it lets customers participate in the flavour creation process. 8. What did PepsiCo do to arouse public dissatisfaction?

A. They gave short weight to their flavoured chips. B. They raised the price of their flavoured chips. C. They changed the flavours of their potato chips. D. They put more seasonings into their potato chips. 9. How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?

A. By analysing causes. C. By listing figures.

B. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons.

10. What does the underlined phrase \"has a soft spot for\" in the last but one paragraph mean?

A. Has a say in. C. Has access to.

B. Has a look at. D. Has affection for.

11. Why do Lay*s flavoured chips charge more per ounce according to Jeff Dahncke?

A. To make more profits. B. To upgrade their products. C. To balance additional costs. D. To satisfy more people's taste.

D

The potential of a simple gesture to capture the public's imagination in a time of crisis was illustrated when 99-year-old British army veteran Captain Tom Moore decided to raise some money for workers and patients' health.

Inspired by the excellent treatment he had received in hospital for skin cancer,he promised to complete 100 laps of his garden,using his walking frame for support,before his 100th birthday later that month.His aim was to raise a modest £1, OOO.But news of Captain Tom's efforts soon reached the ears of a nation through newspapers and TV features.He even teamed up with the singer Michael Ball to record a charity version of \"You'll Never Walk Alone\".Several weeks later,Captain Tom completed his 100 laps ahead of schedule,having raised more than £17

第6页，共24页

million. \"I never dreamt I would be involved in an occasion like this,\" he announced.But the Captain Tom's passion showed no sign of dying down.By the time he reached his 100th birthday on 30th April,he had raised nearly £33 million.He was honoured with a fly-past by Britain's air force,and the public sent more than 1, 50, 000 birthday cards.His response? \"To all those people who are finding it difficult at the moment,,,the sun will shine on you again,and the clouds will go away.\" he said.

In honour of his achievement,Captain Tom was promoted to the rank of Honorary Colonel,and awarded a knighthood （骑士）on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.The money he raised was used to provide comfort and care for National Health Service workers. \"I've never been someone who does nothing,\" he laughs,adding that he enjoyed the challenge.He believes the secret for his success一and his long life一is simple： \"It's all about having the right mindset.YouVe got to be optimistic and to think that things will get better.\" 12. What can we learn about Tom Moore*s intention?

A. He originally only had a small goal. B. He never planned to cooperate with others. C. He was inspired by a miserable experience. D. He intended to take advantage of his birthday party. 13. How did Tom Moore deal with the collected money?

A. It was used to help senior citizens. B. It was decided by National Health Service. C. It was rewarded to those making contributions. D. It was used to help National Health Service workers. 14. Which of the following best describes Tom Moore?

A. Demanding. B. Ambitious. C. Considerate. D. Humorous. 15. What is the best title for the text?

A. Giving is rewarding. C. Brighten others at any time.

B. Though old,yet devoted. D. More kindness Jess coldness.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分） Forging a 5 G future

The future in sci-fi movies seems so close,yet so far away.Delightfully,5 G technology makes that future look easily achievable.Schools,hospitals,transportation,factories一even our homes will soon use this powerful wireless network.Last year,China started testing 5 G mobile

networks in its several cities.So what is 5 G? It's the latest generation of cellular (蜂窝状的) network technology. (1) 5 G*s benefits mainly come from speed and connectivity (连接).⑵

People will be able to use the Internet at a much greater speed than before.Imagine being able to download an entire movie in just a few seconds!That's how fast 5 G will be.

(3) For example,one of the biggest problems with developing driverless cars is the delay between sending a signal and receiving it.Driverless cars must be able to react instantly to sudden changes in their environment,such as a dog running across the road.This will require these cars to send and receive huge amounts of data within milliseconds (毫秒).(4) It will also allow doctors to perform operations remotely,using robots.The robots will respond more quickly to the doctors' movements.

So what about 5 G's connectivity? (5) .Imagine having a smart home that automatically turns the lights on when you open your front door.

\"New things become possible when you can move information at a massive scale,\" Gordon Smith,CEO of telecom equipment reseller Sagent,told The Telegraph. n5 G becomes the great enabler.\"

No matter where it is implemented,it looks like 5 G will bring us a more exciting and convenient future.

A.We may develop \"smart\" environments with it. B.Such speed helps other technologies,too. C.5 G will make this possible.

D.It connects people's lives in various ways.

E.It is faster and more stable than 4 G, the previous generation. F.With 5 G, people can conveniently solve many problems. G.The advantage of higher speeds is obvious. 16. A. A

B. B

F. F

E G. G

B.B

c. c c. c

D. D

E.

17. A. A

D. D

E.

E

F. F

G. G

B.B

18. A. A

c. c

G. G

D. D

E.

E

F. F

第8页，共24页

19. A. A

B. B

F. F

c. c

G. G

C. c

G. G

D. D

E.

E

20. A. A

B.B

F.F

D. D

E.

E

三、 完形填空 （本大题共15小题， 共15.0分）

Gabi Rizea,a former forest engineer from Craiova,Romania,became a wood carver completely by accident.Three years ago,after£21)himself with a new chainsaw(链锯),he started \"playing\" with it on the(22)he had in his workshop.He(23)to carve a human face into the wood,and to his surprise,it turned out pretty good.Then he kept improving his skills.Today,he is so good at it that he is(24)to work his magic on the old tree stumps (树桩)in the local parks in his home city. He sometimes draws the(25) he wants to carve,but in most cases,the wood just doesn't match his(26).He has no choice but to(27)in order to match the material available,which sometimes leads to even more(28)results.Gabi's most popular creation is \"Water Pouring from Bucket\masterpiece carved from an old ash tree.After he guessed that half the stump was rotten (腐烂 的)，it ended up becoming the water flowing from a bucket.

Recently,photos of \"Water Pouring from Bucket\" have grown in popularity online. He has created many artworks like this so far,and they have made the city nicer and more artistic.Following his recent(29)to fame on the Internet,Gabi has been asked by other Romanian cities to(3Q)their old tree stumps into artworks.He promised to honor their requests,but out of(31)for his home city,he will never create the artworks(32) to those in his hometown.

Gabi can turn a stump into an artwork in just two days.Though he has a lot of(33), the Romanian artist recently got into an art school in order to fully master wood carving. He has been(34) for his contribution by the city government.When mentioning the(35) has made,he always says he does the same thing other people can do to make our world more beautiful. 21. A. sharing 22. A. wood 23. A. failed 24. A. ordered 25. A. maps 26. A. needs

B. equipping B. table B. stopped B. threatened B. designs B. answers

C. filling C. stone C. continued C. allowed C. graphs C. words

D. showing D. wall D. attempted D. taught D. levels D. ideas

27. A. adjust 28. A. impressive 29. A. rise 30. A. talk 31. A. regret 32. A. opposite 33. A. talent 34. A. challenged 35. A. trouble

B. apologize B. strange B. attitude B. divide B. benefit B. similar B. money B. accepted B. choice

C. sigh C. direct C. power C. transform C. demand C.rude C. time C. awarded C. preparation

D. abandon D. terrible D. adaptation D. translate D. respect D. harmful D. knowledge D. proved D. difference

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36 . The Organizing Committee of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 revealed its

Olympic torch design in the National Aquatics (水上运动)Centre, (1) has been transformed into the \"Ice Cube\" for next year's Olympic Winter Games curling (冰壶) competition.

The winning design, (2) (select) from 182 entries in a global competition,was praised by Beijing 2022's judges for (3) ( it) combination of Chinese aesthetic (审美的) value,traditional cultural meanings (4) advanced technology. One of the design highlights (5) ( allow ) two Olympic torches to lock into each other at the top when torchbearers exchange the flame during the Olympic Torch Relay.The two-tone design represents an indication of fire and ice, symbolizing how it will bring light and (6) (warm) to the winter sports scene. In recognition of Beijing's status as the world's first city (7) ( host) both the Summer and Winter Games,the 2022 Olympic torch features a similar design (8) the 2008 Olympic torch and by (9) same color combination and artistic elements from that torch,the Organizing Committee aims to present Beijing's rich Olympic culture.

Planning for the Olympic Torch Relay and the selection of torchbearers for the Games are (10) (current) underway,with detailed information to be released in the near future by the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee. 五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37 .假定你是星光中学的高中毕业生李华，母校将为高一新生举办主题为

\"What to learn in senior high school?\"的英语沙龙活动，特邀请你结合自身经历谈谈 自己的体|会.请根据以下提示准备一份英语发言稿.

第10页，共24页

1 .学会学习：方法，习惯等； 2 .学会做人：真诚，友善； 3 .其他方面：考生自拟. 注意：1.词数120左右；

4 .发言稿开头和结尾已给出，不须抄在答题卡上，不计入总词数. Good morning, everyone!

It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on learn in senior high school.

Thank you!

38.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jack still remembers that one morning when he was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Lily.Jack was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first,he thought nothing of it since customers' voice in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud,but he soon realized this time it was different. \"Quick!Quick!Remove the motorcycles from the shop.\" someone shouted.

Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Jack opened the front door of their flat to investigate,a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.

Lily,who had been playing the violin in her room,hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor through the smoke.

They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Lily stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Jack had no idea what she was doing,but he followed her.

Lily had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them,who they called Makcik,Malay for auntie.Lily began banging on Makcik's door,but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them,Jack could see many of their neighbors 一 some still in their pyjamas 一 running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.

H

She might have run for safety like everyone else!\" Jack cried.However,Lily refused to

give up. \"I know Makcik's still inside.\" She said she was familiar with Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded the door. \"Go downstairs.Go now!Go!\"

注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2 .续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Just at that time jack noticed the flame was reaching up.

Luckily,all the neighbors went downstairs and an ambulance came.

第12页，共24页

答案和解析

1.【答案】 【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】D 【解析】（1） A.细节理解题。根据表格第一栏BIRD WALK （Any time of year） -Join us for a private bird walk through our sanctuary （保护

区）.-Suitable for ages 5 and up.BIRD WALK （一年中的任何时候）--加入我们，在我们 的保护区进行私人鸟类漫步-适合5岁及以上人士。可知，有一个5岁小女孩的布朗一 家可以前往BIRD WALK,那是最合适的地方，故选A。 （2）

D.细节理解题。根据表格第三栏

Once the animals are caught,we will observe and identify （确定身

份）them and learn how they can help show the health of the river before we put them back t o the wild.一旦动物被捕获，我们将观察并确定身份。在我们把它们放归野外之前，先 了解它们如何帮助展示河流的健康状况。可知，当我们在

POMPERAUG RIVER EXPLORATION捕至!J鱼以后，要将其放生，故选D。

（3） D.推理判断题。根据文章标题Exciting Adventure Options to Choose From!激动人心 的冒险选择！可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一些冒险活动，适合喜欢冒险的人，故选D。 本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，本文主要向读者介绍了一些冒险活动。

阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解, 根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。

（4） 答案】

【小题1】B 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段

\"People in the media listened sympathetically before he slid from view to join the ranks of tel evision's has-beens.\"（媒体中的人们同情地听着他的陈述，直至!j他从人们的视线中消失， 加入了电视界的过气人物行列。）由此可知，作者提到的《犯罪观察》的主持人旨在 表明观众很快就会忘记他。故选B项。

（2） B.代词指代题。根据第二段

Some of those who possess this skill can hit the big name,inevitably as they become more atta ched to the lifestyle this brings\"（有些拥有这种技能的人可能会名声大噪，这是不可避免 的，因为他们变得更加依恋带来这种生活方式。）由此判断出，this指的是前文的“一定 程度的成功\"。故选B项。 （3）

D.推理判断题。根据第三段”

In reality,if somebody is paying you a lot of money to do a job,it's often on the tacit （心照不 宣的）

understanding that you may be fired suddenly-it's part of the deal.Unlike football managers,T V presenters pretend not to understand this.\"（事实上，如果有人付给你很多钱来做一份工 作，通常是在默认的情况下，你可能会突然被解雇，这是交易的一部分。与足球经理不 同，电视节目主持人假装不明白这一点。）由此判断出，作者在第三段提到足球经理 是为了举例说明适用于某些类型工作的一般规则。故选D项。 （4）

B.细节理解题。根据最后一段

\"One day we'll decide that their face no longer fits and they'll be dragged away complaining a bout the same ageist policy from which they no doubt previously profited.\"（总有一天，我 们会发现他们的脸不再合适，他们会抱怨同样的年龄歧视，毫无疑问，他们曾从中 获利。）由此可知，根据作者的说法，那些担心年龄歧视的电视名人可能在某种程度上 也从中受益过，故选B项。

这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了因年龄问题，电视主持人不断被淘汰，成为了“过气”的名 人。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的 分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8.【答案】

【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】C ［解析［（1） A.细节理解题。根据原文第二段 PepsiCo purposely packs fewer chips into its flavoured chip bags,Hugh Johnston,the company's CFO, told the Associated Press.（百事公 司的首席财务官休•约翰斯顿（HughJohnston）告诉美联社，百事公司故意减少了调味

第14页，共24页

薯片袋中的薯片数量。)可知，百事公司的调味薯片重量不足，引起了众怒。故选A。 (2)

C.推理判断题。根据原文第三段 Americans buy some$1.6 billion worth of Lay*s potato

chips every year.Much of that is sold in bulk一or merely in bags bigger than the standard ones mentioned above.But let's assume for a second that those 10-ounce bags are the only ones Lay*s sells.That would mean the company sells more than 372 million bags of Lay's in the US each year一or 3.72 billion ounces of chips,at about 43 cents per ounce.lt would also mean that that half-ounce difference is worth about 21.5 cents per bag,and about $80 million in total per year. (美国人每年购买价值16亿美元的乐事薯片。其中很多都是散装出售的，或者只是装 在比上面提到的标准包装更大的袋子里。但让我们假设这些10盎司的袋子是唯一的乐 事销售。这意味着该公司每年在美国销售超过3.72亿袋乐事，即37.2亿盎司薯片，每 盎司约43美分。这也意味着，每袋塑料袋所产生的半盎司差价价值约21.5美分，每年 的总价值约为8000万美元。)可知，第三段采取了大量的数据。故选C。 (3)

D.词句猜测题。根据原文倒数第二段 Some of the mark-ups are simply meant to make

up for the added input costs of cheese,barbecue,sour cream and onion,and other

flavourings.But some of them are also there (or not there) to increase the potato chip maker*s profits.PepsiCo has a soft spot for its specialty potato chips,because its specialty potato chips are more profitable than its regular ones,according to Johnston.(其中一些加价只是为了弥 补奶酪、烧烤、酸奶油、洋葱和其他调味料的额外投入成本。但其中一些也在(或不在) 增加薯片制造商的利润。约翰斯顿说，百事公司对其特色薯片有一个软肋，因为它的特 色薯片比常规薯片利润更高。)结合整段上下文可知，划线处为“软肋，弱处'之意。A.Has a say in.有发言权；B.Has a look at.看一看；C.Has access to.有访问权；D.Has affection for. 有感情的。故选D。

(4)C.推理判断题。根据原文倒数第三段 PepsiCo confirmed that flavoured and unflavoured Lay*s chips are sold for the same price,but not in the same quantity. \"This allows us to keep the same price point across the brand,\" Jeff Dahncke said in an email.(百事公司证实,加味和 无味乐事薯片售价相同，但数量不同J这让我们可以在整个品牌中保持相同的价格点， ”杰夫•丹克(JeffDahncke)在电子邮件中说。)可知，这是为了平衡额外成本。故选C。 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了百事公司给自己的王牌产品-薯片，减少相应重量引起的 一些讨论。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】 【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】B （解析［（1） A.细节理解题。根据原文第二段 Inspired by the excellent treatment he had received in hospital for skin cancer,he promised to complete 100 laps of his garden,using his walking frame for support,before his 100th birthday later that month.（受他在医院治疗皮肤 癌所获得的良好治疗的鼓舞，他承诺在那个月晚些时候他100岁生日之前，用他的步行 架支撑，完成100圈他的花园。）可知，他原来只有一个小目标。故选A。

（2） D.细节理解题。根据原文末段 The money he raised was used to provide comfort and care for National Health Service workers.（他筹集到的钱被用来为国家卫生服务工作人员 提供舒适和照顾。）可知，筹集到的钱被用来帮助国家卫生服务人员。故选D。

（3） C.推理判断题。根据原文第一段 The potential of a simple gesture to capture the public's imagination in a time of crisis was illustrated when 99-year-old British army veteran Captain Tom Moore decided to raise some money for workers and patients' health. （99 岁 的英国退伍 军人汤姆•摩尔上尉决定为工人和病人的健康筹集一些资金，这说明在危机时刻，一个 简单的举动就能抓住公众的想象力。）可知，一位年近一百岁的老人有如此的善举，说 明他非常为他人考虑。故选C。

（4） B.标题判断题。这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 99岁的英国退伍军人汤姆•摩尔上 尉，尽管年纪大，但是依旧为公众做奉献。因此B.Though old,yet devoted.（虽然年老， 但依旧奉献）适合做文章标题。故选B。

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 99岁的英国退伍军人汤姆•摩尔上尉，尽管年纪大，但是 依旧为公众做奉献。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相 关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16.【答案】

【小题1】E 【小题2】G 【小题3】F 【小题4】B 【小题5】A 第16页，共24页

【解析】（1） E.推理判断题。根据上文\"So what is 5 G? It*s the latest generation of cellular （蜂窝状的）network technology.”（那么什么是5 G呢？它是蜂窝状网络技术的最新一 代。）与 E.It is faster and more stable than 4 G, the previous generation.（它比 4 G, 即上 一代，要更快更稳定）承接自然，上下文将4 G和5 G进行对比，来说明5G的优势。 选项中的it就是上文提到的5 G。故选E。

（2） G.推理判断题。根据下文\"People will be able to use the Internet at a much greater speed than before.Imagine being able to download an entire movie in just a few seconds!\"（人们用 比之前更快的速度使用网络。想象一下在几秒钟内下载一部电影。）与G.Theadvantage ofhigher speeds is obvious.（更快速度的优势是显而易见的）承接自然，下文是对更快速 度这个优势的举例说明，即人们可以用更快的速度上网，在更短的时间内下载电影。故 选Go

（3） F.推理判断题 o 根据下文\"For example,one of the biggest problems with developing driverless cars is the delay between sending a signal and receiving it.\"（例如，开发无人驾驶 车辆的最大的问题之一就是发送信号和接受信号之间的延迟）与F.With 5 G, people can conveniently solve many problems.（有了 5 G人们可以非常方便地解决很多问题）承接自 然，下文所提出的“自动驾驶车辆发送信号和接受信号之间的延迟”就是5 G可以轻松解 决的问题之一，因为5 G的速度很快，可以缩短这种延迟。止匕外，problem是关键词。 故选F。

（4）B.推理判断题。根据下文\"It will also allow doctors to perform operations remotely,using robots.The robots will respond more quickly to the doctors' movements.\"（它还允许医生使 用机器人进行远程手术。机器人将对医生的动作做出更快的反应）与B.Such speed helps othertechnologies,too.（如此快的速度也有助于其他技术）承接自然，下文所提到的远程 手术就是其它技术之一。此外选项中的too对应下文的also。故选B。

（5） A.推理判断题o 根据下文\"Imagine having a smart home that automatically turns the lights on when you open your front door.\"（想象一下有一个智能的家，它在你打开前门时 自动把灯打开。）与A.We may develop \"smart\" environments with it.（我们可以用它发展 智能的环境）承接自然，上下文话题一致，都讲述用5 G创建智能环境，smart是关键 词。此外选项中的it指代上句\"So what about 5 G,s connectivity?\"（那么什么是5 G的连 接呢？）中的 5 G's connectivity。故选 A。

本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了 5 G技术以及在未来5 G对我们日常生活的影响。 “七选五”选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义 的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给

的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻 辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。

21.【答案】 【小题1] B 【小题6】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题7】A 【小题8】A 【小题4】C 【小题5】B 【小题9】A 【小题101 C 【小题111 D 【小题121 B 【小题13】A 【小题141 C 【小题151 D 【解析】(1) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.sharing分享；B.equipping装备；C.filling填 满；D.showing展示。由下文的\"himself with a new chainsaw (链锯)”可知，此处指他 配备了新电锯，equip with (配备)。故选B项。

(2) A.考查名词及语境理解。A.wood木材；B.table桌子；C.stone石头；D.wall墙。 由下文的\"carve a human face into the wood”可知，是在木材上使用电锯。故选A项。 (3)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.failed 失败;B.stopped 停止；C.continued 继续;D.attempted 尝试。由下文的

\"to carve a human face into the wood,and to his surprise,it turned out pretty good”可知, 此处 指他尝试在木头上刻一张人脸，这个尝试还成功了。故选D项。

(4)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.ordered 订购；B.threatened 威胁；C.allowed 允许；D.taught 教。由下文的\"to work his magic on the old tree stumps (树

桩)in the local parks in his home city”可知，他可以在家乡城市当地公园的老树桩上进 行木雕，说明他被允许在老树桩上木雕，be allowed to do sth.(被允许做某事)。故选 C项。 (5)

B.考查名词及语境理解。A.maps地图；B.designs设计，设计图样；C.graphs图表；

D.levels 水平。由本处的\"He sometimes draws the (5) he wants to carve”可知,他有时 会画下自己想要在木材上雕刻的设计图样。故选B项。

(6) D.考查名词及语境理解。A.needs需要；B.answers回答；C.words话语；D.ideas 想法。由上文的“but”和下文的

\"He has no choice but to (7) in order to match the material available”可知，他的设计图 样有时候找不到合适的木材来匹配，只能做出调整，“设计图样”指的是他的想法。故选 D项。 (7)

A.考查动词及语境理解。A.adjust调整；B.apologize道歉；C.sigh叹气；D.abandon

第18页，共24页

抛弃。由下文的\"in order to match the material available”可知，木雕有时候并不能找到完 全合适的材料，要去匹配可用的材料，只有调整。故选A项。 (8)

A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.impressive给人印象深刻的；B.strange奇怪的；C.direct

直接的；D.terrible 可怕的。由下文的\"a masterpiece carved from an old ash tree”可知,木 雕有时候会诞生令人印象深刻的作品。故选A项。 (9)

A.考查名词及语境理解。A.rise增加；B.attitude态度；C.power力量；D.adaptation

适应。由上文的

\"Recently,photos of \"Water Pouring from Bucket\" have grown in popularity online.“可知，他 的木雕创作在网上越来越流行，说明他在网上走红/成名了，rise to fame (成名)。故 选A项。

(10)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.talk谈话；B.divide分开；C.transform使改变；D.translate 翻译。由下文的\"their old tree stumps into artworks”可知，此处指把树桩变成艺术品， transform---into-••(把 ..... 转变成 ... )。故选 C 项。 (11)

D.考查名词及语境理解。A.regret后悔；B.benefit利益；C.demand要求；D.respect

尊重。由下文 he will never create the artworks ( 12) to those in his hometown. nJ知, 他 不会在其他城市创作和家乡类似的作品，说明他很尊重家乡。故选D项。 (12)

B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.opposite相反的；B.similar相似的；Crude粗鲁的；

D.harmful有害的。由本处的

\"he will never create the artworks (12) to those in his hometown”可推知，此处指他不会 在其他城市创作与家乡类似的艺术品。故选B项。 (13)

A.考查名词及语境理解。A.talent天赋；B.money金钱；C.time时间；D.knowledge

知识。句意：尽管这位罗马尼亚艺术家很有天赋，但为了完全掌握木雕，他最近进入了 一所艺术学校。他自学木雕，之后变得很擅长这门技艺，可得出他很有天赋。故选A 项。 (14)

C.考查动词及语境理解。A.challenged挑战；B.accepted接受；C.awarded奖励；

D.proved 证明。由下文的\"for his contribution by the city government\" nJ知，他做出了 贡献， 所以嘉奖了他。故选C项。 (15)

D.考查名词及语境理解。A.trouble麻烦；B.choice选择；C.preparation准备；

D.difference不同。由上文的

\"He has created many artworks like this so far,and they have made the city nicer and more art istic.”可知，他对这个城市做出了贡献，使得城市越来越美，所以是他的行为对世界产 生了影响，make a difference (有影响、有作用)。故选D项。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了罗马尼亚Gabi Rizea意外成为了一名木雕师，介绍了 他开始从事木雕的经过以及成名过程。他的作品在网上走红，其他城市也纷纷邀请他来 把树桩变成艺术品。尽管这位罗马尼亚艺术家很有天赋，但为了全面掌握木雕，他最近 进入了一所艺术学校。每当提到他所做的改变，他总是说他做了其他人可以做的事情- 使我们的世界更美丽。

近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不 断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所 以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次 要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法 等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36 .【答案】【小题11 which 【小题2】selected 【小题3] its 【小题4] and 【小题5 ] allows 【小题6】warmth 【小题7] to host 【小题8] to 【小题9 ] the 【小题 10] currently.

【解析】(1)which.考查定语从句。句意：北京2022年冬奥会组委会在国家游泳中心 展示了奥运火炬设计，该中心已被改造成“冰立方”，用于明年冬奥会冰壶比赛。分析句 子结构可知，该空处所在部分的句子是一个非性定语从句，修饰先行词the National Aquatics Centre,关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which引导该从句，that不能引导非 性定语从句，故填which. (2)

selected.考查过去分词。句意：该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出，

因其结合了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术，受到了北京2022年冬奥会评 委的称赞。\"select”与其所修饰的名词\"The winning design”之间是被动关系，用过去分词 作定语，故填selected.

第20页，共24页

(3) its.考查代词。句意：该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出，因其结合

了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术，受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。 修饰名词combination,表示\"它的\"，用形容词性物主代词，故填its. (4)

and.考查连词。句意：该设计从全球征集的182个参赛作品中脱颖而出，因其结合

了中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵和先进技术，受到了北京2022年冬奥会评委的称赞。 “中国的审美价值、传统文化内涵\"和\"先进技术”之间是并列关系，用连词and,故填and. (5)

allows.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:设计亮点之一是，当火炬手在奥运火炬传递

过程中交换火种时，两个奥运火炬在顶端相互锁定。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在 时；在\"one of +可数名词复数”结构中，谓语动词用单数，故填allows. (6)

warmth.考查名词。句意：双色设计代表了火和冰的象征，象征着它将如何为冬季

运动现场带来光明和温暖。该空作bring的宾语，用名词，warmth是不可数名词，故填 warmth. (7)

to host.考查不定式。句意：为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季

奥运会的城市的地位，2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似，并通过与 奥运会火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素，组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。当 中心词被序数词所修饰，常用不定式作定语，故填to host. (8)

to.考查介词。句意：为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会

的城市的地位，2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似，并通过与奥运会 火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素，组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。 similar...to\"与….相似\为固定搭配，故填to. (9)

the.考查冠词。句意：为了承认北京作为世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会

的城市的地位，2022年奥运会火炬的设计与2008年奥运会火炬相似，并通过与奥运会 火炬相同的色彩组合和艺术元素，组委会旨在展示北京丰富的奥林匹克文化。the same 相同的，为固定搭配，故填the. (10)

currently.考查副词。句意：目前，奥运火炬传递的规划和奥运火炬手的选拔工作

正在进行中，北京2022年组委会将于近期公布详细信息。修饰动词are,用副词，故填 currently.

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会组委会在国家游泳中心展示了 奥运火炬设计以及说明了奥运火炬的设计理念。

语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语 法知识，如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。

答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。

37 .【答案】In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging. Firstly, we should learn to learn efficiently. Personally, I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals. Developing a good habit is also of importance. It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively involved in class, and review what had been taught after class.

In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others. In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates. It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.

Finally, we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently. They were really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life.

【解析】One possible version

Good morning, everyone!It is my honor to be share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.

In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging. Firstly, we should learn to learn efficiently. Personally, I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals. Developing a good habit is also of importance. 【高分句型】It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively involved in class, and review what had been taught after class.（学会学习）

In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others. In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates. It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. （学会做人）

Finally, we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently. They were really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life. （其他方面）

本文为应用文一写一发言稿，属于提纲作文.在写作时应使用第一人称，时态主要为一 般现在时为主.重要短语：challenging （有挑战性的），efficiently （有效地）,achieve academic goals （实现学术目标）,develop a good habit （养成好的习惯）,benefit sb （对某人有利），get involved in （牵扯到，卷入，涉及…..），get along well with （与….. 相处融洽）.

提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文 意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇

第22页，共24页

和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型.

38 .【答案 1 Paragraph 1 ： Just at that time jack noticed the flame was reaching up.Frozen with fear,he stood rooted to the spot.He compre-hended the gravity of the situation and held Jane's hand tightly.Both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still,though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.【高分句型一 ]Jack begged Lily to run for safety as quickly as possible.Lily tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door.Jack burst out crying.（起火后 的反应）

Paragraph 2： Luckily,all the neighbors went downstairs and an ambulance came.A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Lily's mind.She told them Ms.Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough,Makcik was lying in bed,unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital,where she finally came to herself.【高分句型二]People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Lily and Jack were very happy.（他们和邻居一起救出 了 老太太）

【解析】本文讲述了公寓发生火灾后，一对双胞胎的做法。 高分句型一：

Time seemed to stand still,though they were probably there for only two or three minutes. 翻译：时间似乎静止了，尽管他们可能只在那里呆了两三分钟。 分析：though引导的让步状语从句。 高分句型二：

She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital,where she finally came to herself 翻译：她被抬下楼，然后被送往医院，在那里他终于苏醒过来。 分析：where引导的定语从句。 解题方法点拨

（1）品读原文，确定文章线索

每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。 如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生”顺藤摸瓜（结尾）%

（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求

一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数使用几处标 有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到”心中有数二

(3)回扣原文，揣摩续写思路

根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最 终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。

(4)拟写草稿，修改错词病句

在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写 草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正 确使用，使上下文连贯。

第24页，共24页