高中英语虚拟语气练习题讲解-全面

虚拟语气练习题

虚拟语气精选例题解析

1.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they

D. ought to have lost were finished. A. could lose B. would have lost C. might lose

该条件句表示对过去情况 解析：这个句子中含有一个省略 if ，把助动词提前到主语 they之前的虚拟条件句，

的假设，而主句中 by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选 （ B ） would have lost 为正确答案。

2. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now. A. must have C. been B. would have been were D. would be

if ，把助词 had提前到主语前面，表示对过解析：这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略 去情 了

now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应would(should, could, might)+ 动词原形这况的假设，而主句

选 种表 中

达形式。四个选项中只有 D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。 （

’ d think the photograph on the

3. If you Jerry Brown until recently, you rightgewas. stran

C.

’ t ’ t ’ t to D. hadn ’ t

A. shouldn contact B. didn contact weren contact contacted

解析： until recently ，因此（ D ）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟

条

件句。

the English examination I would have gone to the concert

4. last Sunday A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for

but for 、 but that、 without, 解析：假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词

由连 如

词 but、副词 otherwise 、比较级、形容词、主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假

设，

我本可以去听音乐会， 所以应选 （ B）But 但事实上由于英语考试而没有去即若不是因为英语考

for 成， 试，

为正确答 案。

5. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice

B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed A. follow

解析：题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但事实上没有做的 事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故 If only 条件句假设的是过去一种情况，因此应该用 had + 过去分词，所以正确答案是（ C）。

6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.

C. there

A. being there B. should there be was D. there having been 解析：句意为： “要是有一声巨响，这些动物会受到惊吓，这是有现实可能性”should there be表示虚拟 的。

条件句中将来时间的谓语形, if 省略 ,所以 should与 there倒装。因此 B. should there be 就是本题答

案 。 式

all power in their homes, streets,

and 7、 When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people

factories for several minutes in honour of this

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great man. A. turn B. turned off C. would turn off off D. had turned off

propose是欲望动词 ,后接的宾语从句或主语从句中谓语要用虚拟语

should+ 动词原形或直接用 解析： 气：

动词原形。选择（ A ） . turn off

you, but I assure you it was

8、 I apologize if

unintentional. I

A. B. had C. should have D. might have offend offended offended offended 解析： B. had offended 。本题测试交错时间的虚拟条件句。 was 暗示，事情发生在过去，所以虚拟条件句 中的谓语动词应该用表示过去时间的虚拟形

式。

9、 The board deemed it urgent that

right away. these files

A. had to be B. should have been printedC. must be D. should be printed printed printed 解析： D. should be 。因为 urgent是欲望形容词 ,在句中作形式宾语 it 的补足语 ,所以宾语从句中printed 的谓 语需用虚拟语气 :(should)+ 动词原形 (主动态或被动

态 )。

right away. 10、 The board deemed it urgent that these files

A. had to be B. should have been C. must be printed printed printed 解析：it是形式宾语， urgent是宾语补足语， that引导的从句是真正的宾语从句，

D. should be

printed

该从句的内容被认为是

urgent

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（急迫的），这样从句的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气形式， 即 确答案是（ D ）。

11、 Jean Wagner ’ s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.

A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed

解析：（ C）在表示要求、愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的名词同位语从句中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式，即 should(可以省略 )+动词原形。

should（可以省略） 动词原形。因此，本题正 +

12、I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ____ fully occupied

the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was

解析：（ D ）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的 真实原因是句子的后半部分由 but引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而 but所引导的句子中应该用表示志过去事实相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。

13. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional. A. offend B. had offendedC. should have offended D. might have offended

解析：（ B ）此题要求在 if 从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动apologize( 抱歉 )来看， if 从句词 中表

A），因为（ A ）是现在时。（ C）中 should+have+ 过达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除

去分词 （

D）选项中的 might+have+ 过去分词表示对过去

结构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。（ 发生

的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能成为事实，所以藉此道歉真是不知从何说起，因此此处也不 合题意。 （ B ）had offended表示当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条apologize 是现在，而条件句件句： 是 表示对过去假设的条件

句。

14. If you hadn’ t taken such a long time to get dressed, we there by now’d.

D. be

B. circles C. is circling circling A. be

解析：该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）。条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句表示 对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（ A ）。

15. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth. A. were B. D. be circling circles C. is circling circling 解析： if 引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（ be动词用 were）或 would(could 等 )+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去

式，故（ A ）是正确答案。

16. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency. A. did not C. was not occur B. had not occurred occurring D. be circling 解析：（ B）had not occurred表示对过去的虚拟， 条件句中要用过去完主句中要用 should(would, 成式， could, might)+ 动词原形的过去分

词。

17. I hadn ’ t expected James to apologize but I had

. hoped

A. him calling B. that he would call C. him to call D. that he call me me me me

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解析：（ B ） had hoped是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型 ,虚拟语气 would+ 动词原形。 18. George would certainly have attended the proceedings . A. if he B. if the flat tire

’ t

didn ’ t get a flat tire hadn happened C. had he not had a flat D. had the tire not flattened tire itself 解析：表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形would(should, could, might)+have+ 过去分词，条件句为

过 式为

去完成式， if 可以省略，但had提前主语前面。B），（ D ）的表达不符合英语表达习惯，所以C要把 （ （ ） 是正确答

案。

19. The teacher suggested that her experiences with students ESP. A. write a composition on B. to write composition their about the C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his 解析：（ A ） suggest后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形

式为 should（可以省略） +动词原形。

20. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.

C.

A. were B. had been is D. has been

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解析：（ A ）．表示与现在相反的虚

拟。

21As usual, he put on a show as though a great . his trip success. A. had been B. has been C. were D. was 解析： A ． as though引导的与过去相反的虚

拟。

22Looking round the town, he felt as . though he away for ages.

B. A. has been was C. is D. had been 解析： D． felt 是过去式，所以该句as though引导的与过去相反的虚

是由 拟。

23John is so strongly built that he looks as . as if he elephant.

B. is D. could A. lifts lifting C. lifted lift 解析： D． as if引导的与现在事实相反的虚

拟。

24He described the town as it . if he himself. A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees 解析： A ． as if引导的与过去相反的虚

拟。

25Most insurance agents would anything about collecting claims until they investigate the . rather you situation.

C. D.

A. do B. don ’ t didn ’ t didn ’ t do

解析：（ D ） would rather 后接从句要求用虚拟语气，形式为过去式，表示对现在或将来的假设，或

为过去

完成式表示对过去的情况的假

设。

26Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, . some who have found

the experience of

them wish that they meeting. A.

’ t have had C. ’ t hadn ’ t B. didn hadn had D. hadn ’ t have 解析：（ C）who引导的定语从句中的现在完成时表示动作业已发生， 所以主句中表示的虚拟是针对已经发 生了的行为，所以应该用过去完成式表示对过去的虚

拟。

27Without electronic computers, much of . today ’ s advanced technology. A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved

without, 表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情况 解析：（ C）这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语 也早

已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因

would not have been achieved 这一形式。 此用

28He told her to return the book in time so that . others a chance to read it . A. may have B. will have C. would have D. might have

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解析：（ D ）连 so that引导的从句中要求用虚拟语气，表示一种假设，形式为 might+ 动词原形。 29It is time that the measures to protect the rare birds and . government animals. A. C. has takes B. took taken D. taking

解析：（ B ） It is time that 是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。虚拟语气形式为动词的过去式。 30He was very busy yesterday, otherwise . he to the meeting. A. would C. would have come B. came come D. had come 解析：（ C）otherwise 用来表示一种含蓄的虚拟假设，因为是对过(yesterday) 的情况的假设，所以应该去 用 would have come 形

式。

31I must say he reads very well, and I

’ t be surprisedactingifhe for a living . shouldn one day. A. had taken C. have taken D. would have taken up B. takes up up up 解析：（ B）所给的四个选项中没有一个表示对未来的情况的虚拟的should+ 动词原形， 或是 were to 形式 do ， 因此可以断定 if 引导的条件句在这里最真实的条件故（ B ）是正确答句， 案。 用一般现在时表示一般将来时， 32you all about it . If I had seen the movie, I now.

C. have D. would have

A. would tell B. will tell told told 解析：（ A ）这是一个混合虚拟语气的句now子， if 条件句表示的是对过去情况的假设，而主句是对现在（ ） 的情况的假设，故用 would tell 形

式。

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33’ d rather . I you anything about it for the time being. A. do B. didn ’ t do C. don ’ t D. didn ’ t 解析： B． would rather 引导的虚拟语气其谓语用过去

式。

34my letter; otherwise she would have replied before . Mary now.

’ t have received D. shouldn ’ t

A. has receivedB. ought to have receivedC. couldn haveceivedre

解析： C．注意单词 otherwise引导虚拟语气。

35

. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him.( 1995年 6月四级第 46题) A) would have B) must have D) had telephoned telephoned C) would telephone telephoned

解析：本题是与过去时相反的虚拟句， 从句中用过去完成式， 主句中用 would have done 。本句相当于 if we had known his telephone number ， we would have telephoned him 。答案是（ A ） would have telephoned 。

36.Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.(1996 年 1月四级第 44题 ) A. has to get B. had got C. were to get D. could have got

解析：本句的意思是： “琼不想马上就工作，她认为要是找了工作，就不能经常探访她的朋友了 ”。这说明，琼目前没有工作。句中假设的情况在近期内并不会存在。该条件句应当用表示将来情况的虚拟语气。条件

从句的谓语用 should或 were to引出。因此 C. were to get 是本题答案。 选项 A. has to get是陈述语气的现 在时，

不能用于虚拟条件句中。选项 B. had got 是虚拟语气的过去时，不能表示将来时间。选项 D. could have got 不能用于虚拟语气的条件从句中。

37. Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I ____ your advice.(1993 年 6月四级第 70

题 )

B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed A. follow

解析： if only 引出感叹句，意思是 “要是⋯⋯多好 ”，表示说话人的一种愿望，希望发生（事实上不”。

可能

发生） 与过去事实相反的情况。 本句的全句意思是： “看我现在的处境多糟糕！ 要是我听从你的劝告多好

事实上，句中的 “我 ”没有听从劝告，所以处境很糟糕。题中空格处应当用虚拟语气，答案是 B 。

38 .That tree looked as if it _____ for a long time.

a.hasn't watered b.had not been c.didn't d.wasn't watered

watered water

解析：本题测试 as if 从句的虚拟语气。 一般来说， as if 从句所表达的内容完全与实际情况相反或纯粹是一种假设时，通常使用虚拟语气。

39. I'd rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.

c.didn't d.would

a. don't do b.did do do 解析： would rather 表示愿望，后接从句用虚拟语气，用过去

时。

40. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your advice a.follow b.would follow c.had followed d.have followed 解析：本题测试 if 引起的感叹句的虚拟语气。 if only 引起的感叹句，相当于 “how I wish +宾语从

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only 句 ”。 其谓语动词形式 与 wish后的宾语从句形式相同。

41. We are all for your proposal that discussion _____.(1998 年 6月四级第 68题 )

b. was put c. should put

a. be put off off off d. is to put off

解析：全句意思是：我们都赞成你的建议，把讨论推迟。答案是 A 。虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用 在 It's (high) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式。 42. It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time _____ ?(1995 年6月四级第 43题 ) A. we are going home B. if she leavesC. we went home D. if she had left

”句中的 “it's about time ⋯ ”引起虚拟。因此解析： “现在已经十六点钟了，难道你不认为该回家了

答案 吗？

是 C。

43. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.(1998 年1月四级第 38题 ) a. injureb. injuredc. had injured. would injure

”在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动解析： “这个疯子被关进墙上装有衬垫的病房，以免伤了他自

词多 己。

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用虚拟语气， (should

)+

动词原形。答案是

a 。

out of

, 从句中可省略主

44. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though

the office.

A. went B. gone C. to go D. would go

解析：答案为： C. to go 。 as though或 as if引导的状语从句中 ,从句主语和主句主语相同时

语和部分谓语 ,如： 1) She paused, as if to let the painful memories pass. ( 省略 she wanted) 2) From time to time Jason turned round as though searching for someone. ( 省略 he were) 3) The boy started, as if awakened from some dream. ( 省略 he were)

由此可见 ,本题中省略 she wanted。

45. I'd rather by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such you bad weather. A. would go B. should go C. went D. had gone

”主语 +would rather 后 解析： “我宁愿你乘火车去，因为我无法想像在如此恶劣的天气你呆在飞机里。 接宾

语从句 ,从句中谓语须用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示希望现在或将来实现的行为或状态 ,用过去完成时表

,暗示希望现在或将来发生的行为动作, 示希望过去实现的行为或状态。本题中原因状语从句用一般现在时 故选答案为 C. went 。

for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so

46. thriving as it is. A. Had it not been B. Were it not C. Be it not D. Should it not be 解析： “要不是老百姓的及时投资，我们的公司不会像现在这样兴

”本题测试交错时间的虚拟语气。从 旺。

句是表示过去时间的虚拟条件， if 省略，主语 it 与助动词 had倒装。虚拟条件句也可写成这样： If it had nor been

for the timely investment from the general public 。这是重点句型， 在各类测试中常考。 答案： A. Had it not been

47. A safety the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never analysis done.

B. will A. would identify identify C. would have identified D. will have identified

”这是 解析： “一次安全隐患分析本来会确认这个目标是潜在的危险。不幸的是，这样的分析从未做过。 对

过去时间的虚拟，表示过去要做而没有做的事。因而答 C. would have identified 案选

48. In the past men generally preferred that their wives in the home.

B. would C. work D. were

A. worked work working

”因为 prefer( 宁愿 )是欲望动词 ,其后所接的宾语从 句中 解析： “过去男子一般都愿意他们的妻子在家里工作。

谓语需用 (should)+ 动词原形。 答案： C. work 49. Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams.

A. must have got B. would have got through through C. would get throughD. could get through 解析：本题前半句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从相当句， 后半句是表示与过去事实相反的主句。 于： If he had worked harder,

would have got through the exams. 本题的答案是 B. would have got

he through 。选项

A. must have got through（肯定通过） 表示一种对过去事情的主观不是与过去事情相反的情另推测， 况。 外，

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解析：主语 +would rather后接宾语从句 ,从句中谓语须用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示希望现在或将来实 现的行为或状态 ,用过去完成时表示希望过去实现的行为或状态。本题中原因状语从句用一般现在时 ,暗示

must不能用在虚拟条件句中。选

C. 项

would get through （就会通过） 是虚拟语气现在时的一种表示方表示与现在事实相反。 选项 D. could 法， get

through（可能通过）， could 也可以用于非真实条件句里，表示与事实相反的情况，但这里，它只

表示与现

在事实或将来可能的事实相反。

50. I'd rather you _____by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather. A. would B. should go go C. went D. had gone

希望现在或将来发生的行为动作 ,故选 C. went 。

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