自考《词汇学》选择题-答案

1、___ of the following statements is NOT true.

A、Connotative meaning refers to associations suggested by the conceptual meaning.

B、Stylistic meaning accounts for the formality of the word concerned.

C、Affective meaning is universal to all men alike.

D、Denotative meaning can always be found in the dictionary.

2、The idiom “Jack of all trades” results from ___

A.addition B.position-shifting

C.dismembering D.shortening

3、___ are those that cannot occur as separate words without adding other morphemes.

A.Free roots B.Free morphemes

C.Bound morphemes D.Meaningful units

4、The major factors that promote the growth of modern English are ___

A.the growth of science and technology B.economic and political changes

C.the influence of other cultures and languages D.all the above

5、Since the beginning of this century, ___ has become even more important for the expansion of English vocabulary.

A.word-formation B.borrowing

C.semantic change D.both B and C

6、An idiom consists of at least two words. Each has a single meaning and often functions as one word. This is called ___.

A.semantic unity B.structural stability

C.rhetorical function D.none of the above

7、Linguistic context is also known as ___ context.

A.social B.verbal

C.lexical D.physical

8、Synonyms can be classified into two major groups, that is, ___

A.absolute and relative B.absolute and complete

C.relative and near D.complete and identical

9、A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single ___ morpheme.

A.formal B.concrete

C.free D.bound

10、Sources of homonyms include ___

A.changes in sound and spelling B.borrowing

C.shortening D.all of the above

11、The written form of English is a(an) ___ representation of the spoken form.

A.selective B.adequate

C.imperfect D.natural

12、After the invading settled down in Britain, their language almost totally blotted out ___.

A.Old English B.Middle English

C.Anglo-Saxon D.Celtic

13、Unlike affixes, ___ are often free morphemes.

A.suffixes B.prefixes

C.inflectional affixes D.roots

14、The way to define an antonym is based on ___.

A.contradiction B.contrariness

C.oppositeness D.relativeness

15、Though still at work today, ___ can hardly compare with what it was in the past.

A.word-formation B.borrowing

C.derivation D.conversion

16、Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as ___.

A.inflectional affixes B.derivational affixes

C.bound roots D.free morphemes

17、Degradation of meaning is the opposite of ___.

A.semantic transfer B.semantic pejoration

C.semantic elevation D.semantic narrowing

18、A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be ___.

A.affixational B.derivational

C.free D.bound

19、Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ___.

A.ad for “advertisement” B.dish for “food”

C.fond of “affectionate” D.an editorial of “an editorial article”

20、___ of the following dictionaries is NOT a specialized dictionary.

A.The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology

B.Chamber’s Encyclopedic English Dictionary

C.Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs

D.Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms

21、There are two approaches to the study of polysemy. They are ___.

A.primary and secondary B.central and peripheral

C.diachronic and synchronic D.formal and functional

22、The term “vocabulary” is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that

A.it can refer to the common core of a language

B.it can refer to the total number of the words in a language

C.it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period

D.it can stand for words in a given dialect or field

23、The idiom “a dark horse” is a ___.

A.simile B.metaphor

C.metonymy D.personification

24、The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.

A.hyponymy B.synonymy

C.polysemy D.antonymy

25、New words in a language are also referred to as ______.

A.archaisms B.neologisms

C.colloquialisms D.Euphemisms

26、The word “motel” is created by ______.

A.compounding B.clipping

C.blending D.Suffixation

27、By _____ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.

A.onomatopoeic B.morphological

C.semantic D.etymological

28、______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in human mind.

A.Reference B.Concept

C.Sense D.Motivation

29、The idiom “toss and turn” is a(an) _____ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.

A.alliteration B.metaphor

C.metonymy D.thyme

30、Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.

A.notion B.sound

C.origin D.use frequency

31、Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different _____ from what they have now on dictionaries.

A.sense B.forms

C.dialects D.terms

32、Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

A.The English language is noted for its modest borrowings.

B.Loan words only refer to those borrowings in form.

C.Loan words are all unrecognisable as being foreign in origin.

D.Loan words can be grouped according to manner of borrowing.（p18-19）

33、The introduction of _____ at the end of the 6th century had a great i impact on the English vocabulary

A. printing B. Christianity

C.French words D.all the above

34、The words “air” and “heir” are ____________.

A.homophones B.homographs

C.full homonyms D.none of the above

35、Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.

A.different B.artistic

C.technical D.academic

36、______ is considered to be a highly-inflected language.

A.Old English B.Middle English

C.Early Modern English D.Late Modern English

37、Which of the following statements is true?

A.Every word has reference. B.Every word has sense.

C.Every word is semantically motivated. D.Every motivated.

word is conceptually

38、The relationship between words and things in the world is established by means of ______.

A.meaning B.sense

C.concept D.reference

39、Affixes can be grouped according to _____.

A.their linguistic origins B.productivity

C.ability to change the word –class D.all the above

40、The word \"accident\" used to mean \"an occurrence or an event\"; now it means \"an unplanned or chance event with unfortunate consequences\". The word has undergone a sort of semantic change called _____.

A.elevation B.degeneration

C.extension D.restriction

41、In terms of oppositeness of meaning, _____ is a pair of conversives.

A.\"employed\" and \"unemployed\" B.\"present\" and \"absent\"

C.\"long\" and \"short\" D.\"above\" and \"below\"

42、Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.

A.functional B.notional

C.empty D.formal

43、 One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.

A.spelling B.pronunciation

C.etymology D.usage

Homonyms are from different sources. A polysemant is from the same source， which has acquired different meaning in the course of development.

44、Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content words have both meanings, and lexical meaning in particular.

A.grammatical meaning B.conceptual meaning

C.associative meaning D.arbitrary meaning

45、Of the following words, _____ is an initialism.

A.UN B.NATO

C.BASIC D.UNESCO

1. (09年真题)（p.8）The pronunciation has changed spelling over the years.

A. more slowly than B. as quickly as

C. more rapidly than D. not so quickly as

2. (12年真题)（p.16）There are functional words in the following sentence: It is fun to play with children.

A. 3 B. 4 C.5 D.6

3. (11年真题)（p.12）Words of the basic word stock can each be used alone, and at the same time can form new words with other roots and affixes, e.g. foot is the father of football, footage and footprint. This demonstrates示范 that one of the characteristics of the words of the basic stock is .

A. productivity B. polysemy

C. stability D. collocability

4. (11年真题)(p.23) The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East, and

A. India B. the Far East

C. the West Asia D. America

5. (12年真题)(p.24) The surviving language fall into eight principal groups.

Balto-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Armenian and Albanian belong to the （） set.

A. Eastern B.Southern

C. Western D. Northern

6. (11年真题)(p.28) Modern English began with the establishment of （ ） in England.

A. printing B. Bourgeois Revolution

C. Industrial Revolution D. the Renaissance

7. (10年真题-p.37) The word “idealistic” comprises morphemes.

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

8. (11年真题-p.38) The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is .

A. morpheme B. affixes C. root D. stem

9. (11年真题-p.38) There is/are monomorphemic word(s) in the following words:

hot, dog, feet, matches.

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

10. (12,10年真题-p.41) The following words have inflectional affixes except

.

A. happier B. worker C. harder D. taller

11. (p.48) Which of the following is a case of suffixation?

A. Hemisphere B. Attempt C. NATO D. Respondent

12. (10年真题-p.66) “TV” is a(n) .

A. initialism B. acronym C. derivative D. compound

13. (09年真题-p.86) The types of meaning include the following except .

A. grammatical meaning B. conceptual meaning

C. associative meaning D. literal meaning

14. (11年真题-p.83) In English there are types of motivation that concerns the relationship between the sign and meaning.

A. 2 B. 3 C.4 D. 5

15. (10年真题-p.84) The word “airmail” is .

A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated

C. semantically motivated D. none of the above

16. (11年真题-p.120) Red, scarlet, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, ect, make up the B field of “colours”.

A. stylistic B. semantic

C. elliptic D. syntactic

17. (11年真题-p.95) is a common feature peculiar to all natural language.

A. Homonymy B. Polysemy

C. Synonymy D. Antonymy

18. (10年真题-p.97) , the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-

meaning called the central meaning.

A. Onomatopoeically B. Diachronincally

C. Synchronically D. Etymologically

19. (11年单选-p.143) People change word-meaning owing to

various¬xiahuaxian motives: love, respect, courtesy, suspicion, pessimism, sarcasm, irony, contempt, hatred, etc.

A. psychological B.social

C. communicative C. lexical

20. (11年真题-p.137) When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is accordingly.

A. related B. narrowed

C. created D. suggested

21. (12年真题-p.139) The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called

.

A. derivation B. deterioration

C. purification D. pejoration

22. (11年真题-p.128) In a narrow sense, context refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears and is known as

context.

A. non-linguistic B. linguistic

C. grammatical D. lexical

23. (09年真题-p.155) The sentence “I lost Betty's picture.” is ambiguous due to

.

A. grammatical context B. polysemy

C. antonymy D. hyponymy

24. (12年真题-p.149) Which of the following is not one of the types of context ?

A. Linguistic context B. Non-linguistic context

C. Extra-linguistic context D. Intra-linguistic context