最新高一英语阅读理解专题训练答案

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

Home Laundry Automatic Dryer Product Full Two Year Warranty（保修）

Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet（机箱） Warranty Provides for：

FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.

THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust（生锈）. Warranty Limitations：

Warranty begins at date of original purchase.

Applies only to product used within the United States or in Canada if product is approved by Canadian Standards Association when shipped from factory.

Products used on a commercial or rental basis not covered by this warranty. Service must be performed by an Amana servicer. Adjustments covered during first year only. Warranty Does Not Cover It If：

Product has damage due to product change，connection to an improper electrical supply> shipping and handling, accident, fire, floods, lightning or other conditions beyond the control of Amana.

Product is improperly installed（安装）or applied. Owner's Responsibilities： Provide sales receipt. Normal care and repair.

Having the product reasonably accessible for service.

Pay for service calls related to product installation or usage instructions.

Pay for extra service costs, over normal service charges, if servicer is requested to perform service outside servicer^ normal business hours.

In no event shall Amana be responsible for consequential damages（间接损坏）.

This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have others which vary from state to state For example, some states do not allow the exclusion（排除）or limitation of consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you.

（1）According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if . A. used in the U.S.A B. rented for home use

C. repaired by the user himself D. shipped from a Canadian factory （2）According to Owner's Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for . A. the product installation B. a servicer's overtime work C. the loss of the sales receipt D. a mechanic's transportation （3）Which of the following is true according to the warranty?

A. Consequential damages are excluded across America. B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.

C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year. D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year. 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文这是一张保修单，属于说明文，对家用自动干洗机的保修时限、保修服务范围、购买者所负的责任、不属于保修服务内容以及对结果性损失不负任何责任诸方面进行了详尽说明。

(1)考查细节理解。根据“Warranty Limitations：• Applies only to product used within the United States”可知，根据保修，如果在美国使用，产品可以在保修期内。故选A。 (2)考查细节理解。根据“Owner's Responsibilities：• Pay for extra service costs, over normal service charges”可知，根据业主的责任，业主必须为服务人员的加班工作支付费用。故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据“FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge.”可知，一个有缺陷的橱柜在第二年就可以被替换掉。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side-effects.

For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off— tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition(转型).

Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017. Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand— younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telecoms companies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economy—ATMs, vans carrying notes, tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees.

In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialise, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.

Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cyber-attacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over people's shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data. （1）Some rich countries are trying to . A. dematerialize money

B. get rid of the side-effects of cash

C. make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered species D. promote payment without paper money or coins

（2）In paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to show . A. the differences between developed and developing countries B. that cash is still king across the world

C. digital payments are becoming a trend that cannot be stopped

D. China is developing faster that those developed countries in digital payment （3）Cash is disappearing largely because .

A. younger consumers are short of money to live their digital lives B. suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and data C. the infrastructure is developing at a high speed in developed markets D. financial firms want to abandon old-fashioned customers （4）The author's attitude towards digitalized payment is .

A. favorable B. negative C. objective D. indifferent 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，富裕国家正在减少现金支付,现金正在因为需求等原因消失。总的来说,无现金经济的未来是个好消息,但是对于电子支付人们也有一些担忧。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments.”可知, 富裕国家正竞相将支付非物质化；再根据第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”在过去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80％。结合上下文,可知某些富裕国家比如瑞典正在减少现金支付,推广不用纸币或硬币的支付方式,也就是电子支付方式。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在过去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80％；再根据“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中国,数字支付从2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中国的共同点是现金支付减少,电子支付比例上升,由此可推断作者提到瑞典和中国是为

了说明数字支付正成为一种不可阻挡的趋势。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 “But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知现金消失的一个重要原因就是诸如银行和科技公司（在发达市场）和电信公司（在新兴市场）之类的供应商正在开发快速,易于使用的支付技术,他们可以从中提取数据和小费。运行现金经济背后的基础架构需要付出高昂的成本,这些基础设施包括自动取款机,载有纸币的货车,接受硬币的出纳员。大多数金融公司都渴望放弃它,或者以高昂的费用劝阻老式客户。也就是供应商为了减少成本,获取数据和小费,开发了更便捷的支付方式,导致现金支付的减少。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，,作者提到无现金支付即电子支付的好处,也提到电子支付引起的担忧,对待电子支付是客观的,故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.

Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life. But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.

He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.

In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.

A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.

（1）The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. present an argument B. make preparations for statement

C. arouse readers' interest D. function as a brief introduction （2）What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn? A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort. B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn. C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.

D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper halt\" of his body. （3）What do we know about Glenn?

A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital. B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story. C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon. D. Glenn organized a track team in college. （4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Strengthen determination B. Stand up after failure C. Go after dreams D. Face difficulty bravely 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand up after failure。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

4．阅读理解

Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many a cinema-goer's life.

But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain

and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.

The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive (认知) skills, compared to those who watched it in 2D.

The research was led by neuroscientist(神经学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D.

They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a section from the film. The test covered memory, reaction times and cognitive function and the results were compared later.

According to the research, which was carried out in partnership with science group Thrill Laboratory, participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction times.

Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future.

\"These findings are more significant than you might think,\" he said. \"It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can worsen future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowing this decline.\"

A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets that scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened (加强的) activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life—something Professor Brendan Walker from Thrill Laboratory agreed with.

\"As Professor Brendan Walker's test concluded, 3D films are more attractive and heighten the senses — this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds,\" Dr Fagan said. （1）According to the research, people watching a movie in 3D ________. A. have a good exercise for their brain B. lose their short memory of its plots C. are willing to pay a high price for tickets D. react the same way as those watching it in 2D （2）What can be learned from the research? A. Watching 2D films limits brain function.

B. 3D would be a contributing factor in improving brain power. C. The test was carried out after the whole film was viewed. D. The participants took the brain-training-style test once. （3）Paragraph 8 is mainly about ________.

A. the application of 3D B. the disadvantages of 2D films C. the change in brain function D. the significance of the study （4）The text is most likely to appear in ________.

A. a sports newspaper B. a biology textbook C. a science magazine D. a film review 【答案】（1）A （2）B

（3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。

( 1 )细节理解题。根据第二段as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. 可知，看3D电影能锻炼大脑。故选A。

( 2 )推理判断题。根据第二段But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。故选B。

( 3 )段落大意题。根据第八段第一句These findings are more significant than you might think（这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。

( 4 )推理判断题。3D电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。

5．阅读理解

Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.

Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”

In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.

There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.

The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his company's knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's

skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.

The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.

However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits. （1）Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .

A. it was for people with good eyesight only B. the company failed to go on with its business C. the company didn't produce hammocks D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork （2）It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .

A. has been blind all through his life B. used to work as a hunter to support his family C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years

（3）What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?

A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock. B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.

C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it. D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. the success of the Hammock Source Company B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks

C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand D. how to become a successful craftsman 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知，Lenwood十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的organization closed，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的，也说明在（1973-18=1955）1955年之前他的眼睛是好的。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知， Lenwood所用的计步器显示，他在店里织吊床总共来回行走8英里，由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选A。 (4)考查主旨大意。全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出

错，而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

The Maltese Islands are rich in Neolithic (新石器时代的) sites. Ggantija in Gozo, Tarxien, and the Hagar Qim/Mnajdra Complex here on Malta's south coast are perhaps the most well-known. These piles of stones are some of the earliest known manmade structures in the world. They are showing their age a bit but what would you expect for buildings that are five and a half thousand years old. My house was built in the year 2000 and is already in bad condition round the edges. These temples are older than the pyramids!

In my opinion the temples are best seen after the visitors have left. Come with me for a late afternoon walk down the hill past Hagar Qim towards the Mnajdra Complex. There are chain link fences around the temples now but we can ignore those and try to image why Maltas earliest people went to the trouble of building these structures on this windy and poor hillside. Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed. They may have been decorated with pigments and possibly even roofed with animal skins or other materials. Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so.

Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is easiest if you have a car. Or if you don't mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi(3 km away) or Zurrieq (5 km away) and walk from there. Warning: although the distances are not too great, walking several kilometers in the Maltese sun can be very hard and possibly dangerous. Take water and sunscreen. （1）What makes the writer wonder about the temples?

A. Their history. B. Their appearance. C. How they were built. D. When they were built. （2）What are we aware of about the construction of the temples? A. They have been transformed. B. They look the same as before. C. They were carefully designed. D. They are not what they used to be. （3）How can we admire the sites getting least sunburn?

A. By hiking there. B. By riding a car. C. By taking water. D. By taking a bus. （4）Where can we possibly find this article?

A. In a political speech. B. In a historical fiction. C. Ina travel magazine. D. In a geography text book. 【答案】（1）B （2）D （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。马耳他群岛拥有丰富的新石器时代遗址，尤其是马耳他群岛的寺庙建筑群最为著名。

（1）推理判断题。根据描述可知，作者在第一段对寺庙的期待。第二段对寺庙外围的描述，第三对寺庙可知，作者认为寺庙不是原来建的样子。文章大部分是对寺庙的外观进了描述，可见作者对其外观感到好奇，故答案选B项。

（2）推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的根据第三段Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed….Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so.进行推断。根据第二段的We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so. 可知我们知道在过去的1000多年它们被改变过，被扩建过，即现在的寺庙不再是它们以前的样子了。题干What are we aware of about the construction of the temples? 文章内容We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or sochanged and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so.☞ D 选项They are not what they used to be.故答案选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，去那儿可以开车很容易。如果不介意走一会的话，你可以乘公共汽车到Qrendi（3公里）或Zurrieq（5公里），然后从那里步行。当然，尽管路途不远，在马尔他阳光下行走数公里可能非常困难，也可能是危险的。要喝水和涂防晒霜。分析开车直接去几乎不用晒太阳，故B正确 。选项A、D都要走路，会晒伤，文中说要多喝水，而非带水就不会晒伤，C错误。因此B符合题合题意。

（4）推理判断题。本文主要对了马耳他群岛的风景点作了简单的介绍，所以文章应该出出在旅游杂志上。故答案选C。 【点评】推理题的解题方法

1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。3. 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。 4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。 6. 结合已有的知识进行推断。

7．阅读理解

You may think that the story of Pygmalion (《卖花女》, 1913) --- in which people are judged by the way they talk --- is something that only existed in the days of British high society. But thanks to etiquette (礼仪) expert and author William Hanson, we realize that little has changed during the past 100 years.

In a BBC radio program, Hanson released a list of common words used in British English that could reveal whether a person is \"common\" or \"fashionable\".

And yet here comes the interesting part: While some of us might go through life using fancy words, dressing in ways that make us appear more well-off than we really are, there are wealthy people in the world who try to hide their riches because they want to be seen as \"normal\" instead of \"showy\".

Beatrice, for example, is a New Yorker who inherited (继承) millions of dollars. She told The New York Times that she has a habit of removing the price tags (价签) from her clothes so her house staff don't see them and feel uncomfortable.

\"We don't want that 'Wow'.\" said Scott, also a New Yorker, who had just inherited over $50 million. \"We're just not the type of people who wear it on our sleeve.\"

（1）What does William Hanson find?

A. People failed to judge others' manner. B. People judge others by their way of talking. C. People tend to use more polite words. D. People meet impolite persons frequently. （2）What do rich people prefer to do?

A. To hide their riches. B. To earn more money. C. To think highly of their wealth. D. To judge others by their wealth. （3）Why did Beatrice remove the price tags on her clothes?

A. To show off her fashion sense. B. To change people's attitude to rich people. C. To pretend to be normal. D. To avoid making people around her uncomfortable.

（4）What does \"it\" in the last sentence mean? A. The price tag. B. The brand label. C. The inheritance contract. D. The Times magazine. 【答案】（1）B （2）A （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，揭示如今人们依然会从你的说话用词上来判断你是“普通的”还是“时髦的”。

（1考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But thanks to etiquette (礼仪) expert and author William Hanson, we realize that little has changed during the past 100 years.”可知，William Hanson认为我们现在仍旧如同以前一样通过人们讲话的方式来判断一个人。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“…there are wealthy people in the world who try to hide their riches because they want to be seen as 'normal' instead of 'showy'”可知，富人更喜欢隐藏起他们的财富。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“She told The New York Times that she has a habit of removing the price tags (价签) from her clothes so her house staff don't see them and feel uncomfortable.”可知，Beatrice除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。故选D。

（4）考查代词指代。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Beatrice除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。因此推断Scott说：我们不想要那些“Wow”，我们不是那种袖子上戴着商标的人。此处的“we”指的是Beatrice和Scott，故it指的是价格标签。故案选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

TEACH AND TRAVEL: USE OUR SPONSORSHIP TO BECOME A CERTIFIED TEACHER IN WEEKS where the world meets WHAT'S INCLUDED IN THE SPONSORED HOW IT WORKS: ANGLO-TEFL (TEACHING ENGLISH AS A APPLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE) SCHOLARSHIP: Choose your venues (地点) and apply online ●A partly sponsored, 120-hour online TEFL REFUNDABLE CONFIRMATION FEE training course Pay 69 EUR confirmation fee (50 EUR Refundable ●210 hours of real-life teaching experience (可退还的) on Completion) ● A TEFL certificate upon completion of the TEACHING PRACTICE Scholarship Get Access to TEFL course & attend Teaching ●Full board during Angloville programs Practice with Angloville (three meals a day) TYPES OF EXPERIENCE' PROGRAMMES: 'TEACHING MY COMMITMENTS: Participants combine several 3-11 day programs Angloville Junior －ideal for 18-35 year-old into a longer package ranging from 4-8 weeks in Anglo-TEFL participants. You will be tutoring total. During each program, participants talk on teenagers aged 12-18 years old. A lot of average for around 10-11 hours a day. The most games, sports, conversations and fun to be important difference between Angloville and a expected! traditional English course is that we do not teach Angloville Adult －ideal for 30+ year-old through books or theory. We will provide Anglo-TEFL participants. You will be tutoring materials, but only to help stimulate (刺激) diverse adult learners. Most days consist of 1 on 1 conversations. conversations with various professionals. APPLY IF YOU: ● Are aged 18+ for junior programs and aged 25+ for adult programs ● Are a native English speaker ● Have completed High School ● Have ability to cope with challenges, good communication skills, cultural sensitivity Open-mindedness is key to being a good participant in Angloville. If you enjoy new cultures, experiences, and people, this will undoubtedly be a wonderful opportunity for you. （1）What do we know about the Angloville programs? A. Meals are partly sponsored by the programs. B. Confirmation fee will be fully refunded later.

C. 1 on 1 talks are arranged for junior participants. D. Material-stimulated talks make Angloville different.

（2）What is the determining factor to be a good participant in Angloville? A. Academic achievements. B. Communication skills. C. Cultural sensitivity. D. Open-mindedness.

【答案】（1）D （2）D

【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了有关Angloville 项目的相关信息以及申请的条件。

(1)考查细节理解。根据MY COMMITMENTS部分中的“The most important difference between Angloville and a traditional English course is that we do not teach through books or theory. We will provide materials, but only to help stimulate (刺激) diverse conversations”可知，Angloville和传统英语课程不同的地方是我们不通过课本和理论进行教学，我们提供材料，唯一目的是刺激不同的交谈。结合选项可知，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Open-mindedness is key to being a good participant in Angloville”可知，成为一个好的参与者的关键因素是思想开放，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Kevin Adkins admits that when he lacks confidence, he uses big words to appear smarter, of which most people don't know the meaning. \"Only when I need to impress the person. I prefer using big words,\" says the 45-year-old.

Adkins is not alone. Many people use longer words in place of shorter ones because they know, consciously or unconsciously, that when others form impressions of them after a glance or a short conversation, they often work harder to give the \"right\" impression. \"People think, if I can show that I have a good vocabulary, I'll sound smarter says Daniel Oppenheimer, PhD, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. However, if the listeners do not understand those long words, he adds, it will leave a bad impression instead.

The truth is that it can easily go wrong. \"It's almost a game that two people are playing,\" says Eric Igou, PhD, a social psychologist at Ireland's University of Limerick. \"If the observer, person B, doesn't have the same theory, it can backfire.\" Person A may be regarded as showing off instead of being intelligent.

Using big words may also confuse listeners, which is definitely moving in the wrong direction, \"People associate intelligence with clearness of expressions,\" says Oppenheimer. That's especially true when it comes to the written word. A small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology (应用认知心理学) found that the more writers tried to sound smart, the less intelligent they were considered to be.

So what can you do to sound smarter? Speak clearly and directly. Leave the dictionary at your desk.

（1）Why does Kevin Adkins prefer saying big words sometimes? A.He wants to make himself more easily understood. B.He believes that it is cool.

C.He enjoys the feelings of being mysterious.

D.He hopes that what he says sounds smart.

（2）What is Professor Oppenheimer's attitude towards the behavior of using big words? A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.

（3）What does Eric Igou mean by saying \"it can backfire\" in paragraph 3? A.It can catch fire. B.Person B can fire person A. C.It can deliver an opposite effect. D.The observer can also fight back.

（4）What can we learn from the small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology? A.The writer who never uses big words is more intelligent. B.The writer who uses big words the most is the most intelligent. C.People like the writers who only use short and clear expressions. D.The writers should avoid using big words often in their writings. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们将智慧和清晰的表达联系在一起，因此给人留下聪明印象的说话技巧在于你能够让对方很容易地理解你的意思。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Kevin Adkins admits that when he lacks confidence, he uses big words to appear smarter, of which most people don't know the meaning.”可知，Kevin Adkins承认，当他缺乏信心时，他会说一些人们不经常使用的词使自己显得更聪明，而大多数人却不知道其中的含义。因此Kevin Adkins有时喜欢说一些人们不经常使用的词的原因是他希望他所说的话听起来充满智慧。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“However, if the listeners do not understand those long words, he adds, it will leave a bad impression instead.”和第四段中的“Using big words may also confuse listeners, which is definitely moving in the wrong direction, ‘People associate intelligence with clearness of expressions,’ says Oppenheimer.”可知，Oppenheimer教授认为，如果听者不懂说话者的那些长话，这会给听者留下不好的印象。说人们不经常使用的词可能会使听众感到困惑，这会引起人们的误解，人们将智慧与表达的清晰性联系在一起。因此Oppenheimer教授对说话者使用人们不熟悉的词的行为持不赞成态度。故选A。

（3）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“Person A may be regarded as showing off instead of being intelligent.”可知，说长话的人A可能被认为是在炫耀而不能体现其聪明。因此划线句子的意思是“它起到了相反的作用”，即说长话的人达到的效果与预想中的让别人看起来很聪明的效果是相反的。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“A small study in Applied Cognitive Psychology found that the more writers tried to sound smart, the less intelligent they were considered to be.”可

知，一项关于应用认知心理学的小型研究发现，作家越是要让自己听起来聪明，他们就越被认为不那么聪明。因此我们可以从应用认知心理学的小型研究了解到作家应避免在写作中经常使用人们不熟悉的词。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 \"You'll be blind by the time you're twenty-five,\" a doctor at Children's Hospital predicted. \"Your blood sugars are much too high.\" It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.

I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.

When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.

Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.

\"Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,\" my instructor told me. \"You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.\" It's amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. \"By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint,\" my instructor added.

For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I have a speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator. （1）What does the underlined word \"it\" in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The right opportunity. B. Losing my sight in the future. C. Consuming too much sugar D. The children's hospital. （2）What happened when the author was 25 years old? A. He gave up painting. B. He went blind completely C. He injured one of his eyes. D. He picked up a new hobby （3）What brought a turning point to the author? A. A special course. B. A meaningful event C. An inspiring speech. D. An important interview. （4）What does the author intend to tell us?

A. No pain, no gain. B. Every man has his price.

C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D. Be optimistic in the face of life's difficulties.

【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的左眼失明，右眼视力严重受损，但作者没有气馁，“一个特殊的课程” 给作者带来了一个转折点。文章告诉我们：当一扇门关上时，另一扇门就会打开。

（1）考查代词指代。。根据第一段中的“‘You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five,’ a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted.“当你25岁的时候，你就会失明” 可知， No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.中的it指的是“在未来会失明”，故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.”可知，作者25岁时左眼受伤。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.”可知，“一个特殊的课程” 给作者带来了一个转折点。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.”可知，作者告诉我们“面对生活中的困难，要乐观。”故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.

The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds.

Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors ( 交叠式旋翼 )to power the vehicle.

The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.

In New Zealand, the Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal

flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.

Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack “is built around safety from the start. In his words, reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.”

The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,” he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.

（1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike .

A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high

C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed

（2）The writer uses the example of For One racing car to show that . A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful

C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height

（3）The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to.

A. the jet stream B. the engine C. the Jetpack D. the parachute （4）What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?

A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles. B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.

C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles. D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles. 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实。然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题。文中介绍了两家飞器公司都关注安全性问题。

（1）细节理解题。第五段最后一句可知，the Jetpack.可飞行30分钟，高达1000米，而不是Hoverbike，故B错误， 根据第四段可知C项说有将可能首先应用于由和应急救援队，而不是已用于，故C错误。根据第二段最后the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。分析选项可知，A说不能快速进入小空间，故错误。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输。即D正确。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的。安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了了安全性，非常类似于Formula One赛

车。分析选可知A项（Jetpack安全可靠）符合题意，故答案选A。

（3）猜测词义题。根据最后一段Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude …., Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。由此可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute (降落伞) 故答案选D。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了这种飞行器的问题最重要的是安全问题。分析选项，可知A项描述发明飞行器的问题，符合题意，故答案选A。 【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧：

1）语义转换题--跳读查找法：根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。

2）生活应用题--常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。 3）细节排序题--首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。

4）寻找信息题--题干定位法：寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等。

12．阅读理解

Two young giant-panda twins born in the United States have returned home to China, but are straggling to adapt to the language and food.

The 3-year-old sisters, Mei Lun and Mei Huan, wens the first surviving panda twins to be born in the United States, and were returned to China from Zoo Atlanta on Nov. 5. But the pair still understand English belter than Chinese, and prefer American biscuits to Chinese bread. A zoo-keeper said that his main concern is that the pair are so addicted to American biscuits that everything they eat — from bamboos to apples — has to be mixed with biscuits. They even want to snack on (零食) biscuits when drinking water.

The zoo -keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit habit, gradually replacing the American food with Chinese bread. Mei Huan is adapting, but Mei Lun doesn't want to touch the unfamiliar bread.

Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer, preferring to sit still, observe her new environment and occasionally snack on bamboo.

A language barrier is also reported. While the pair respond to their own names, and understand some English phrases such as “come here,” they don't understand the Sichuan dialect of Chinese.

The news caused some laughter on Chinese social media, with some users commenting that the pandas would soon get used to Sichuan's famously spicy cuisine. （1）Based on the passage, which statement do you think is right?

A. The panda twins can fit in well in Sichuan. B. The panda twins are only fond of Sichuan food and dishes.

C. The panda twins have been used to the new environment very quickly. D. It's hard for the panda twins to get used to the new environment soon.

（2）What does the underlined part “wean them off” in the fourth paragraph mean? A. help them get rid of. B. help them form. C. help them strengthen. D. help them keep. （3）From the passage we learn that of the two sisters .

A. Mei Huan mainly eats bamboo B. Mei Lun is living a more active life C. Mei Huan is not smarter than Mei Lun D. Mei Lun is as quiet as her younger sister 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在美国出生的两只双胞胎大熊猫回国了，但是却不适应国内的饮食和语言，令饲养员很担心。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“but are struggling to adapt to the language and food”可知，这对双胞胎熊猫回国后适应语言和食物都很费力、困难，尤其是后面的2,3,4段更细节地描述了适应这个新环境的困难。故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“gradually replacing the American food with Chinese bread”逐渐地用中国面包（馒头）代替美国食物，故前一句“The zoo-keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit habit”的意思肯定是饲养员正试图让他们戒掉吃美国饼干的习惯，故此处的wean them off就可以断定为“去除”的意思，选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer, preferring to sit still”可知，美轮更充满活力一点，喜欢上蹿下跳地玩耍，美奂则更安静点，喜欢静坐，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在捕捉细节信息同时，需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States.

The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person's mental abilities in two areas: Language and math.

The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China. Between 2010 and 2014, these Chinese men, women and children were given language and math tests. Then researchers compared the test results with measurements of pollution in the air, namely nitrogen dioxide and

sulfur dioxide (二氧化硫).

Xi Chen of the Yale School of Public Health led the study. He and his team found that breathing polluted air can reduce a person's education level by about one year.

Chen said that the effect generally is worse for those over years of age, for men and for those with little or no education.

“The older persons—they are more affected. And we find, quite amazingly, males are more affected than females. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors.

He noted that the youngest people in the study were 10 years old, while the oldest was 90 years old. They came from China's 33 provinces. In his words, the data and facts are convincing and this range of ages and locations across the country provided a real, objective and representative sample.

The researchers noted that the effect of air pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. The researchers also stressed that every country, whether developed, developing or poor, should focus on air pollution or humans will face a bad situation.

（1）What is the result of the study?

A.Air pollution has a bad effect on people's intelligence. B.Females are more affected by air pollution than males. C.Americans are more affected by air pollution than Chinese. D.People working indoors are actually not affected by air pollution. （2）What did Chen say about the study? A.It is doubtful. B.It is extremely unfair.

C.It is common and not representative. D.It is relatively objective and persuasive.

（3）What did the researchers emphasize in the last paragraph? A.The data from the 33 provinces is convincing. B.The whole world should pay attention to air pollution. C.The less educated take more responsibility for air pollution. D.Air pollution's influence on verbal ability is less serious as people age. （4）Where is the text most likely taken from? A.A life diary. B.A guidebook. C.A science magazine. D.A biography. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，长期暴露在空气污染中会在语

言和数学两个方面影响一个人的智力，因此每个国家都应关注空气污染否则人类将面临一个糟糕的局面。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The researchers reported that long-term exposure to air pollution can affect a person's mental abilities in two areas: Language and math.”可知，研究人员报告说，长期暴露在空气污染中会在两个方面影响一个人的智力：语言和数学。即研究结果是空气污染会对人们的智力产生不良影响。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“In his words, the data and facts are convincing and this range of ages and locations across the country provided a real, objective and representative sample.”可知，用Xi Chen的话说，调查得到的数据和事实令人信服，全国各地的不同年龄和不同地方的人提供了真实，客观和有代表性的研究样本。即Xi Chen对这项研究说的是“研究结果是相对客观和有说服力的。”故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段“The researchers noted that the effect of air pollution on verbal ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. The researchers also stressed that every country, whether developed, developing or poor, should focus on air pollution or humans will face a bad situation.”可知，研究人员指出，随着人们年龄的增长，空气污染对言语能力的影响更加严重，尤其是在男性和文化程度较低的人群中。研究人员还强调，每个国家，无论是发达国家，发展中国家还是贫穷国家，都应关注空气污染否则人类将面临一个糟糕的局面。因此在最后一段中研究人员强调了全世界应该注意空气污染。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段“A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge reduction in our intelligence. The study was a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States.”可知，本文的话题是研究表明空气污染会大大降低人们的智力。该研究是一个由中国北京大学和美国耶鲁大学的研究人员参与的项目。因此可以推断出文章可能来自于科学杂志。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

14．阅读理解

A call came into Jimmy Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at his bar, couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside.

Gilleece, 42, didn't like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he determined to find the wallet. He spent hours on videos from surveillance (监控) cameras, watching the woman's every step in the bar. Within minutes, a young man approached the bar, put something in his pocket, and walked off.

Gilleece posted a clip (视频片段) on the bar's page to find out who the young man was. Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17-year-old Rivers Prather, who said he'd done it because he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.

Gilleece told the teen to meet him at the docks (码头). There they talked a lot and Gilleece

knew that Prather was from a poor family. Seeing the teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.

Gilleece decided to help the kid. He hired two local divers to search the waters where the wallet had been thrown. More than an hour passed, with no sign of the ring. Gilleece grew worried. And then a diver popped up. In his hand was the wallet, and inside was the ring. When Gilleece called the wallet's owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.

（1）What did the woman value most in her wallet? A.Her ID. B.Her credit cards. C.Her money. D.Her wedding ring.

（2）What did Prather do after getting the wallet? A.He kept the ring. B.He spent the money in it. C.He threw it in a dustbin. D.He returned it to the owner.

（3）Why did Gilleece help Prather? A.To teach the child a lesson. B.To meet the customer's demand. C.To save the forgivable child. D.To win back the reputation of his bar. （4）What would happen to Prather next? A.He would be sent to prison.

B.He would not be accused by the woman. C.He would get a job in Gilleece's bar. D.He would live a better life ever after. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Jimmy Gilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。Jimmy Gilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人Rivers Prather，但是Rivers Prather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside. ”她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. ”他说他看到了戒指，但认为是假的，所

以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知Prather得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Seeing the teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.”看到这个少年的小个子，Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，Prather可能会被关进监狱，可知Gilleece帮助Prather是因为他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“When Gilleece called the wallet's owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.”当Gilleece打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对Prather偷戒指的指控)可知接下来Prather不会被那个女人指控。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

15．阅读理解

As the days get shorter and the chilly weather rolls in, we all want to curl up in a blanket and hibernate until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it's cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.

While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness. For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmental data from the university's Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.

Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What's more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.

If you're getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health.

\"We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients' scores on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime,\" Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study's lead author, told The Huffington Post. \"People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that.\" （1）What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1? A.Realized the benefits of sunshine. B.Avoid hibernating in springtime.

C.Curl up in a blanket in cold weather. D.Enjoy sunshine even in cold weather.

（2）The underlined word \"soar\" in Paragraph 5 most probably means \" \"? A.Rise sharply. B.Vary unstably. C.Drop slightly. D.Change greatly.

（3）What does the passage say about the research done by BYU? A.It is done on normal adults of various ages. B.It is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher alone. C.It concludes the sunshine means happiness. D.It finds that temperature affects mental health. （4）What can be inferred from the passage? A.Lower vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energetic B.The research findings are inconsistent with the popular belief. C.The more sunshine we get, the less excited we are likely to feel. D.The link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：阳光照射是影响心理健康结果的最重要的天气因素。换句话说：阳光越多，幸福越多。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it's cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize”花时间晒太阳，甚至当外面很冷的时候也要这样做，这可能对你的情绪有很大好处。可知，作者建议我们晒太阳，哪怕天气很冷。故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“If you're getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar.”如果你获得足够的阳光，你的情绪应该会保持相对地稳定。可以推知，当光照量减少的时候，人们的情绪就不会那么稳定，痛苦情绪就会增加。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.”研究发现，阳光照射是影响心理健康结果最重要的天气因素。换句话说：阳光越多，越快乐。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that”人们倾向于将雨天、污染和其他气象现象与悲伤或抑郁联系起来，但我们的研究没有发现这一点。可知，BYU的研究结果和大众的看法不一致。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

16．阅读理解

Twenty-five years ago, as a parent educator, I began reading about the dangers of praise. I was completely shocked by what I was learning: praise is not good for our kids. How could that be? So I spent years talking with experts, reading about the effects of praise, and finally decided to close the door on praise and focus on building an encouraging family.

Even today, with many studies available to parents, I still hear people say, \"How can that be? How can saying 'Good job' or 'You're smart' be bad?\" I understand. It can be a difficult habit to break.

If we tell a boy \"You are so smart!\" when he brings home an A in his math test, how does he feel when he comes home with a D? If we've told him that he is smart, then he will more likely feel a failure when he struggles with homework — \"I'm supposed to be smart. Why can't I do this?\"

Praise trains children to depend on constant feedback on what a \"great job\" they are doing. This dependency shatters rather than builds children's confidence. Praise trains children to ask, \"Do you like it?\" \"Did I do a good job?\" \"Are you proud of me?\" They begin to believe that what others think is more important than what they think about their achievements and mistakes. Praise breaks the relationship between parents and children. Without even realizing it, parents may be using praise as a tool to direct the child's behavior. The message is clear — I approve of you when you … and I do not approve of you when you … Living with this kind of constant judgment can damage not only the child's confidence but also the relationship.

The solution to the problem of praise is encouragement. Encouragement can be given at any time, to anyone, in any situation. It is a comment, an acknowledgment, a statement that focuses on effort, improvement or choice. Hearing \"You are so smart!\" can leave a child at a loss when they don't do well in a test. Using \"That took a lot of work to come home with an A in your test …\" gives a child the chance to be something else.

（1）What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?

A. Many parents can't get on well with their children. B. The author never shows any approval to his children.

C. It's hard for many parents to believe praise is harmful. D. The author spent 25 years changing people's opinion on praise.

（2）According to the passage, it seems that parents' praise ______. A. can lead to children's being smart B. might have just the opposite effect C. is a good tool to educate their children D. helps them get along well with their children （3）Which of the following is a good example of encouragement?

A. You are very good at math. B. You are the best artist I have ever seen. C. You have a problem and you have to fix it. D. You didn't think you could finish in time, but you did.

【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了表扬对孩子成长的害处并提出建议我们应该多鼓励。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段作者的经历以及第二段中的“Even today, with many studies available to parents, I still hear people say, ‘How can that be? How can saying 'Good job' or 'You're smart' be bad?’ I understand. It can be a difficult habit to break.”可知很多父母不相信表扬是有害的。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Praise trains children to depend on constant feedback on what a ‘great job’ they are doing. This dependency shatters rather than builds children's confidence. Praise trains children to ask, ‘Do you like it?’‘Did I do a good job?’ ‘Are you proud of me?’They begin to believe that what others think is more important than what they think about their achievements and mistakes. ”以及第五段中的“Praise breaks the relationship between parents and children.”可知表扬可能会起到适得其反的效果，所以选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It is a comment, an acknowledgment, a statement that focuses on effort, improvement or choice.“可知鼓励是一个评论，认可，你个对于努力，进步，选择的陈述，所以选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

17．阅读理解

Someone sent me an email urging me to acquire a lot more resources, suggesting could do so much more good if I had an 8 or 9 figure net income of 6 like I've been doing for years. He claimed to have acquired a great deal of wealth himself and found it highly beneficial to fueling his path with a heart.

As I consider his suggestion, I find myself not having much clarity(清晰的思维)as to what I'd do with I million or 10 million more money flowing through my life. I put so much attention on creativity, fulfillment, exploration, relationships, etc. that I find it difficult to intelligently imagine how more financial resources could provide extra fuel for that, except in small ways or in ways that aren't particularly meaningful to me.

Lately I've been considering what it would be like to deliberately reduce my income for a while and see if I could live on much less，just for the experience. What if I capped my net personal income at $10,000 per year, for instance? That isn't such a big deal to me, though, since I already went through a period of low income like that during the 1990s, and I learned that I could still do what I love regardless of income.

I've never worked in a business environment-the only job I've ever had was working for $6/hour

in a video game store while I was in college. So I've never seen how larger operations allocate resources. That's probably why I haven't pushed myself to acquire more. As I mentioned in my book. Money and Your Path With a Heart，my main financial goal in life was to make money irrelevant in my life.

I'm not interested in building an empire. What interests me is exploring personal growth and sharing what I learn along the way. In some ways I feel that acquiring and acquiring and allocating more resources could become a big distraction. I'm already doing what I want to be doing, so why rick distracting myself to acquire more resources, especially when I lack the idea about how I should treat such resources? I like having freedom and flexibility，and I don't really see how more resources would meaningfully improve that. （1）Why did the man email the author?

A. To ask the author to fuel his path. B. To lend some money to the author. C. To share his opinion about wealth. D. To urge the author to earn more money. （2）Which of the following can describe the author's personality? A. Optimistic and devoted. B. Independent and cooperative. C. Unfortunate but positive. D. Wealthy but hardhearted.

（3）What does the underlined word \"capped\" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Limited B. Spent C. Increased D. Distributed （4）The following are true EXCEPTA________.

A. the author might be a professional writer B. the author is good at designing video games C. the author is interested in exploring his personal growth D. the author might be a person who likes sharing his knowledge 【答案】（1）D （2）A （3）A （4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文，论述了若拥有百倍于现在的资源，你会如何提升个人生活？

（1）考查细节理解。答根据第一段中的“Someone sent me an email urging me to acquire a lot more resources, suggesting could do so much more good if I had an 8 or 9 figure net income of 6 like I've been doing for years.”可知有人给我发了封邮件，力劝我获得更多财富资源，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。第三段谈到最近我一直在考虑，如果有意减少个人收入一段时间，会是什么样子。我只想经历这种体验。看自己能否在收入少的情况下好好生活。比如把个人年收入减少到1万美元，自己将如何生活。不过这对我来说也不算什么问题。因为在上世纪90年代，我有过一段这种低收入生活时期，而且我已经学到，不管收入如何，仍旧可以做自己喜爱的事情。由此可推断出作者是一位乐观且专注的人，故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“That isn't such a big deal to me, though, since I already went through a period of low income like that during the 1990s”在上世纪90年代，我有过一段这种低收入生活时期，由此推断出What if I capped my net personal income at $10,000 per

year, for instance?意思是把个人年收入减少到1万美元。“capped”意思是限定，故选A。 （4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“As I mentioned in my book.”可推知作者可能是一名作家，故A选项正确；根据最后一段中的“What interests me is exploring personal growth and sharing what I learn along the way.”可知真正令作者感兴趣的是探索个人成长，并与人一路分享自己所学，由此可知C和D正确，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

18． 阅读理解

\"Tomorrow is another day\" — this line has impressed various people at various times. It's now 70 years after it appeared in the film, but it still seems to hold its power especially during an economic downturn.

The phrase comes from a film adaptation of Margaret Mitchell's successful 1936 novel Gone With the Wind. It's set in the American South and tells the story of a strong heroine, Scarlett O' Hara, who struggles to find love during the Civil War and, afterwards, of her strength in surviving the war and its hardships. Love story

In a moment of despair, Scarlett finally realizes that her love belongs to Rhett Butler. For many audiences, it is the theme of love and struggle that has kept the movie alive. While the burning of Atlanta might seem irrelevant (不相关的) to today's viewers, the timeless theme of love keeps its ability to touch people.

With a promise to her lover still in her mind, Scarlett chooses to stay in the midst of war and take care of Melanie. But her heart is broken when Rhett just walks away, leaving the woman that he once loved with cruel words, \"Frankly, dear, I don't give a damn.\" (毫不在乎) Great epic (史诗)

The film shows the love-hate relationship of these characters, but also American history, the fall of the Confederacy and the following period of Reconstruction in the South. The background made this film a true classic in the epic genre.

When the film opened after World War II, French viewers loved it, and it reminded them of their fight against the Nazis. In 1940 Shanghai, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (侵略), people stood in line for hours to watch this film, and saw the same suffering they were having as well as the hope and possibility of building a new homeland from the ruins. Each nationality could identify with the story and see it as a victory. In fact, Gone With the Wind never lost its charm and ability to inspire and amaze. Biggest of all time

The film had five directors, 15-plus screenwriters, and an unexpected $3.9 million budget. The film brought in $200 million, which makes it the biggest selling film of all times in North America. It also won 10 Academy awards in 1940.

（1）The underlined word \"it\" in the first paragraph refers to ______.

A. the novel Gone with the Wind B. \"tomorrow is another day\" C. the movie Gone with the Wind D. the Academy Award （2）The text is written mainly to ______.

A. celebrate the anniversary of Margaret Mitchell B. introduce how the film was directed and filmed

C. throw light on (阐述) the charm of the movie \"Gone with the Wind\" D. inspire people to struggle the economic downturn

（3）It can be concluded that Scarlett O' Hara is ______. A. optimistic and lucky B. childish and realistic

C. caring and stubborn D. strong-minded and persistent (坚毅的) （4）The passage mentions Shanghai in order to ______.

A. prove that the background of the movie touched viewers B. describe how popular the movie was at that time

C. point out that Shanghai was a center of entertainment D. tell us that Chinese were suffering the War then 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，阐明了飘这部电影的魅力所在。

（1）考查代词指代。根据上下文很清楚知道这里的it指代上文提及的Tomorrow is another day这句话，故选B。

（2）考查写作意图。通读文章可知文章是阐明这部电影的魅力所在，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“With a promise to her lover still in her mind, Scarlett chooses to stay in the midst of war and take care of Melanie.”可知她很坚强，故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。倒数第三段提到的几个例子正是为了证明倒数第四段中的“The background made this film a true classic in the epic genre.”故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及代词指代，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

19．阅读理解

A fourth-grade teacher allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard, after bullies（仗势欺人者）teased him about his own short buzz cut（短寸头发型）. Tori Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington state, was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a winter hat.

Ms. Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick brown curly hair, she realized that he'd had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong, and he said he'd gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this morning, a fifth

grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didn't want to come to class and get teased by other kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules prohibit kids from wearing hats indoors he refused – explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.

Finally I said: \"If you take off your hat and come to class, I'll let you give me a buzz cut, too,\" 'Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. I figured it's just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather.'

Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as his teacher's hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard.

'It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,' said Ms Nelson.' You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isn't just about reading and writing, it's about self-esteem and accepting differences.'

（1）What mainly led to Matthew's standing outside the classroom? A. His fear of being laughed at. B. His willingness to learn. C. His violating school rules. D. His not finishing his homework. （2）Why did Ms. Nelson have her head shaved?

A. To show sympathy for Matthew. B. To comfort and encourage Matthew. C. To prepare for the warm weather. D. To show her unique personality. （3）What is Ms Nelson like?

A. responsible and caring B. knowledgeable and creative C. Humorous and easygoing D. Strong and determined （4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. The real meaning of teaching B. Stand up to school bullying C. Teach kids to respect differences D. A haircut full of love 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头发不敢进教室，老师Tori Nelson安慰他，并和他一起剪了头发。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didn't want to come to class and get teased by other kids.和explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.”可知Matthew在教室外哭泣不敢进去是因为害怕同学们嘲笑他。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据老师Tori Nelson和学生一起剪头发和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,' 和Teaching isn't just about reading and writing, it's about self-esteem and accepting differences.”可知Tori Nelson老师这样做是为了给学生安慰和鼓励，培养学生的自尊。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside.老师对学生说的“If you take off your hat and come to class, I'll let you give me a buzz cut ,too,\"和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,”可知Tori Nelson老师对学生负责任，关心学生。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头发不敢进教室，老师Tori Nelson安慰他，并和他一起剪头发的故事，表现了老师既负责又有爱心。D. A haircut full of love概括了本文内容，表达了本文主题，适合作为本文标题。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

20．阅读理解

Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018by James Comey In his book, former FBI director James Comey shares his never-before-told experiences from some of the highest-risk situations of his career in the past two decades of American government, exploring what good, ethical（道德的）leadership looks like, and how it drives sound decisions. His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader. Hardcover $17.99

12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos- January 23, 2018 by Jordan B. Peterson

What does everyone in the modern world need to know? Famous psychologist Jordan B. Peterson's answer to this most difficult of questions uniquely combines the hard-won truths of ancient tradition with the great findings of most-advanced scientific research. Hardcover $15.57

How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren

With half a million copies in print, How to Read a Book is the best and most successful guide to reading comprehension for the general reader, completely rewritten and updated with new material. Originally published in 1940, this book is a rare phenomenon, a living classic that introduces and clarifies the various levels of reading and how to achieve them-from elementary reading, through systematic skimming and inspectional reading, to speed reading. Paperback $10.31

Everybody, Always: Becoming Love in a World Full of Setbacks and Difficult People- April 17, 2018 by Bob Goff Paperback $10.19

What happens when we stop avoiding difficult people and simply love everyone? In his wildly entertaining and inspiring follow-up to the New York Times bestselling phenomenon Love Does, Bob Goff takes readers on a life-altering journey into the secret of living without fear, care, restriction, or worry.

（1）If you want to become an effective leader, you can try ________.

A. How to Read a Book B. Everybody, Always C. 12 Rules for Life D. A Higher Loyalty （2）What do we know about How to Read a Book?

A. It is written by Mortimer J. Adler. B. It is completely the same as the original one. C. It has been published since 1940. D. There are many other books similar to it. （3）We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. All the four books are paperbacks. B. Paperbacks are cheaper than hardbacks. C. Jordan D. Peterson is the former FBI director. 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了亚马逊最畅销的几种书。

(1)考查细节理解。根据A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018 by James Comey部分中的“His journey provides an entry into the corridors of power, and a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader.”可知如果你想要成为一个有效的领导，你可以尝试A Higher Loyalty，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren部分中的“Originally published in 1940”可知How to Read a Book最初于1940年出版，故选C。 (3考查)常识理解。平装本比精装本价格要便宜，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和常识理解两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生朱雀掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。